Research, Design, and Analysis

Question 1

Classroom ________ is a process of involving teachers in the formal study of teaching and learning.

Answer 1

research

Question 2

Classroom Research attempts to answer two fundamental questions: how well are students learning and how effectively are teachers ________.

Answer 2

teaching

Question 3

Through close observation, the collection of feedback on student learning, and the careful design of experiments, classroom teachers can learn more about how students learn, and more specifically, how students respond to particular teaching __________.

Answer 3

approaches

Classroom research examines different techniques and approaches of teaching to see how effective they are and how students respond to them.

Question 4

There are seven essential steps to designing an effective _____. The first of these is, Establish the goals of the project - What you want to learn

Answer 4

survey

Question 5

There are seven essential steps to designing an effective survey. Number 2 is: Determine your sample - ___ you will interview.

Answer 5

who

Question 6

There are seven essential steps to designing an effective survey. Number 3 is: Choose interviewing __________ - How you will interview.

Answer 6

methodology

Question 7

There are seven essential steps to designing an effective survey. (4) Create your _____________ - What you will ask.

Answer 7

questionnaire

Question 8

There are seven essential steps to designing an effective survey. (5)Pre-____ the questionnaire, if practical.

Answer 8

test

Make sure that the questions work before you use them for your final research.

Question 9

There are seven essential steps to designing an effective survey. (6)Conduct __________ and enter data - Ask the questions.

Answer 9

Interviews

Ask the questions and record the answers.

Question 10

The conditions that the experimenter manipulates are called _________ variables.

Answer 10

independent

The hope of the experimenter is that the manipulation of the independent variable will produce consistent, predictable changes in the dependent variable.

Question 11

In an experiment, the ___________ variable is the “cause.”

Answer 11

independent

The independent variable is the cause, the dependent variable is what is affected. For example, if you are conducting tests where you give a person different amounts of caffeine to see how it affects their energy level, then the caffeine is the cause (the independent variable), and the person’s energy level is the dependent variableit is affected by manipulating the caffeine.

Question 12

There are seven essential steps to designing an effective survey. (7)Analyze the data - Produce the ______.

Answer 12

reports

Use your collected data to find your results.

Question 13

_____ validation is used to determine how well a solution obtained from one sample would fit an independent sample from the same population.

Answer 13

Cross

Cross validation, bootstrap, and jackknife are all procedures used to validate the results of a study using a single data sample.

Question 14

‘___________’ is a broad term. It can be defined as research in which: (1) data are collected for each item or variable for two or more distinct periods.

Answer 14

Longitudinal

Question 15

The physical purity of a light source determines the psychological characteristic that is known as __________.

Answer 15

Saturation

Pure, monochromatic lights are the most highly saturated; their hue is rich and obvious. As more and more different wave lengths get mixed into a light, it becomes lower and lower in saturation-and it starts to look pale and washed out.

Question 16

‘Longitudinal’ is a broad term. It can be defined as research in which: (2) the subjects or cases analyzed are the ____, or at least comparable, from one period to the next.

Answer 16

same

Question 17

‘Longitudinal’ is a broad term. It can be defined as research in which: (3) the analysis involves some comparison of data _______ or among periods.

Answer 17

between

Question 18

Longitudinal research concerns the collection and analysis of ____ over time.

Answer 18

data

Longitudinal data are essential if the research purpose is to measure social change: they allow a diachronic analysis of the incidence of conditions and events.

Question 19

The most critical element of a successful self-management program is ____-setting.

Answer 19

goal

Question 20

Goal-setting is considered the most critical element of a successful self-management program. A self-management program is designed to help students learn how to manage their own lives and provide their own ___________. Helping students set goals for themselves with high standards tends to lead to higher performance.

Answer 20

reinforcement

Question 21

Research shows that the most successful teachers–in regards to classroom management–establish rules and procedures on the ____ day of class.

Answer 21

first

Establishing efficient rules and procedures helps the teacher to maintain discipline in the class.

Question 22

Several types of data may be regarded as ____________: repeated cross-sectional studies; prospective studies, retrospective studies.

Answer 22

longitudinal

Because longitudinal research is a broad term, methods for the analysis of social change may also vary substantially.

Question 23

Longitudinal research can potentially provide fuller information about individual ________.

Answer 23

behavior

Question 24

___________ research is phenomenological, inductive, holistic, subjective/insider centered, process oriented, anthropological worldview, and has a relative lack of control.

Answer 24

Qualitative

Question 25

The goal of qualitative research is to understand the actor’s ____.

Answer 25

view

It does not compare results between children receiving or not receiving a particular instructional technique. Instead, it typically focuses on observing a “slice of life” in a classroom and explaining its significance. It is extremely discovery oriented.

Question 26

____ studies are a valuable way to share the experiences of others who have traveled the road before you.

Answer 26

Case

Question 27

When the activity itself is _________, we do not need incentives or punishments–we have intrinsic motivation.

Answer 27

rewarding

Question 28

Intrinsic motivation; the motivation stems from factors such as interest or ______. This is different from extrinsic motivation–when we do something in order to earn a grade or reward, avoid punishment, or some other reason that doesn’t have to do with the activity itself.

Answer 28

Curiosity

Question 29

There are various ways to describe someone’s score. A __ score of 0, a T score of 50, and a stanine score of 5 all indicate a score right on the mean.

Answer 29

Z

A Z score of 0 means 0 standard deviations above the mean, which means the person scored right on the mean. A T score of 50, stanine score of 5, are all different ways of indicating a mean score.

Question 30

Highly _______ students perform best in organized classrooms.

Answer 30

anxious

Organized, well-structured classes are a must for highly anxious students, because they are usually more easily distracted by irrelevant or incidental aspects of the task at hand–they seem to have trouble focusing on the significant details.

Question 31

Case Studies are also useful for encouraging __________ about best practices and problem-solving strategies.

Answer 31

discussion

Question 32

__________ consist of a set of methods and rules for organizing and interpreting observations.

Answer 32

Statistics

Statistics have certain rules of performance and of interpretation.