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Wildlife Biology > Reptiles > Flashcards

Reptiles Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the taxonomic Class of Reptiles?

A

Class Reptila

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2
Q

What is the scientific study of reptiles called?

A

Herpetology

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3
Q

Describe the skin of reptiles and compare it to amphibian skin.

A
  • Dry, scaled with few glands
  • impermeable to water
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4
Q

Describe the three main kids of reptile scales (cycloid, keeled, granular)

A
  • Cycloid Scales: smooth and shiny
  • keeled Scaled: rough with raised ridge
  • Granular Scales: small round bumps
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5
Q

Describe reproduction in reptiles, what structures are used, internal or external, etc

A
  • Internal fertilization
  • males has copulatory organ except Tuatara
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6
Q

What method of birth do reptiles use?

A

Oviparous

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7
Q

Describe reptile eggs by comparing them to amphibian eggs. How are reptile eggs better adapted to survive on dry land?

A

The egg is amniotic (liquid-filled) and water tight, so it can survive on dry land

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8
Q

Explain the body temperature of reptiles in terms of being ectothermic and poikilothermic.

A
  • Reptiles warm their bodies by basking in the sun, so they are ectothermic.
  • They are also poikilothermic.
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9
Q

What is behavioral thermoregulation?

A

reptiles have some control over their body temperature by moving into the sun to warm up and moving into the shade to cool off when needed.

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10
Q

What kind of heart do most reptiles have?

A

3 chambered heart

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11
Q

What kind of teeth do most reptiles have?

A

homodont they are all shaped the alike

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12
Q

What is the taxonomic Order of turtles?

A

Order Chelonia

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13
Q

Compare tortoises, freshwater turtles, and marine turtles?

A
  • Tortoises: terrestrial, heavy weighted limbs and toes with claws
  • Freshwater Turtles: live in ponds, lakes and streams. Flatted shells, webbed toes
  • Marine Turtles: live in the sea, flippers, flattened shells, salt excretion glands
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14
Q

Describe the shell of turtles, what is it made of?

A
  • Outer layer keratin
  • Inner layer bone
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15
Q

What is the carapace and plastron?

A
  • Carapace: Dorsal side
  • Plastron: Ventral side
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16
Q

How do turtles feed? Do they have teeth?

A
  • no teeth
  • tough horny beak to bite and tear their food
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17
Q

What is the taxonomic Order of crocodiles and alligators?

A

Order Crocodilia

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18
Q

Describe how crocodiles are adapted to life in the water

A
  • Their eyes and nostrils are on top of their head.
  • Their bodies are flat.
  • They have powerful tails and webbed feet for swimming.
  • Valves close their ears and nose when under water.
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19
Q

What is significant about crocodiles heart?

A

4 chambered heart

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20
Q

How do crocodiles feed?

A
  • Carnivorous
  • Inertial: toss their food to the back of their throat
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21
Q

How does the incubation temperature determine the sex of the crocodile offspring?

A
  • Male: high temperature
  • Female: low temperature
22
Q

What is the taxonomic Order of snakes and lizards?

A

Order Squamata

23
Q

List and explain the differences between lizards and snakes

A
  • Lizards: Have eyelids, 4 limbs (usually), Similar scales dorsal and ventral
  • Snakes: No eyelids, No limbs, Large ventral scales called scutes, Forked tongue, Jacobson’s organ
24
Q

What is Jacobson’s organ and what do snakes us it for?

A
  • to sense odor molecules in the air
  • Odor molecules stick to the tongue, and are sensed by Jacobson’s organ when the tongue is retracted.
25
Q

Describe the teeth of Constrictors, Colubrids, Elapids, and Vipers.

A
  • Constrictors: no fangs. Not venomous
  • Colubrids: Elongated grooved fangs in the back of the jaw. Slightly Venomous
  • Elapids: Short, un-hinged fangs in front of the mouth. Venomous
  • Vipers: Large, hinged fangs in front of the mouth. Venomous
26
Q

What is the pit of a pit viper and what is it used for?

A
  • Heat sensitive pit
  • to find warm blooded prey
27
Q

Describe 4 characteristics that you can use to identify a rattlesnake.

A
  • wide triangular head
  • narrow necks
  • rattles on tails
    • Pits on heads
28
Q

Where is snake venom produced?

A

modified salivary glands

29
Q

What do snakes use venom for?

A

for getting food

30
Q

What is the purpose of enzymes in venom?

A

to help spread the toxin

31
Q

What is #1?

A

Fang

32
Q

What is #2?

A

Nostril

33
Q

What is #3?

A

pit

34
Q

What is #4?

A

Venom duct

35
Q

What is #5?

A

Venom gland

36
Q

What is #6?

A

Compressor muscle

37
Q

What snake jaw is this?

A

Venomous elapid

38
Q

What snake jaw is this?

A

Venomous Viper/Pit Viper

39
Q

What jaw is this?

A

Venomous Colubrid/Rear fanged

40
Q

What jaw is this?

A

Nonvenomous harmless/Lacking fangs

41
Q

What is #1?

A

Brain

42
Q

What is #2?

A

Accessory Olfactory Bulb

43
Q

What is #3?

A

Vomeronasal Nerve

44
Q

What is #4?

A

Jacobson’s Organ

45
Q

What is #5?

A

Roof of Mouth

46
Q

What is #6?

A

Tongue extended

47
Q

What is #7?

A

Odor Molecules

48
Q

What is #8?

A

Jacobson’s Organ

49
Q

What is #9?

A

Tongue Retracted

50
Q

What is #10?

A

Odor particles and salivary fluid

Wildlife Biology (31 decks)

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