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Wildlife Biology > Characteristics of Life, The Cell, & Classifying Organisms > Flashcards

Characteristics of Life, The Cell, & Classifying Organisms Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards
1
Q

What is the scientific study of life?

A

Biology

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2
Q

What are the characteristics of life?

A

Cells. DNA. Response to the environment. Nutrition. Metabolism. Growth. Reproduction.

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3
Q

What are all living things made of?

A

Cells

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4
Q

What contains molecules of DNA?

A

Cells

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5
Q

Cells contain molecules of what?

A

DNA

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6
Q

What characterizes all living things sense their environment and respond accordingly?

A

Response to the environment

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7
Q

What characteristic is it where organisms take in nutrition, digest it, absorb what is needed and eliminate the waste?

A

Nutrition

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8
Q

What is life’s vital processes?

A

Metabolism

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9
Q

What is the chemical reaction that keeps all animals alive?

A

metabolism

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10
Q

What characteristic starts all organisms as a single cell?

A

Growth

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11
Q

What is the passing of genes from parent to offspring?

A

Reproduction

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12
Q

What is unicellular?

A

Single-celled

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13
Q

What is single-celled?

A

Unicellular organisms

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14
Q

What organisms are microscopic?

A

unicellular organisms

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15
Q

All of life’s processes must be accomplished by….

A

one cell

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16
Q

What are multicellular organisms?

A

made of many cells

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17
Q

What are made of many cells?

A

multicellular organisms

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18
Q

What type of organisms are large enough to see without a microscope?

A

multicellular organisms

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19
Q

which individual cells can specialize in various processes?

A

Multicellular organisms

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20
Q

What is the function of DNA?

A

store information that cells use to build protein

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21
Q

What stores information that cells use to build proteins which result in structures and characteristics that are unique to each individual and each species?

A

DNA

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22
Q

What is a gene?

A

information in DNA that is divided into sections

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23
Q

What is the information in DNA that is divided into sections?

A

Gene

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24
Q

What stores information for one protein?

A

one gene

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25
Q

What is gene mutation?

A

When the information in a gene becomes altered.

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26
Q

What may result in a new/different protein and thus, a new/different characteristic?

A

A gene mutation

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27
Q

What determines if a gene is good or bad and which to keep in population and which to discard?

A

Natural Selection

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28
Q

With the beneficial mutations accumulating in a population and the population adapting is how what works?

A

evolution

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29
Q

What do autotrophs do?

A

manufacture their own food

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30
Q

What manufactures their own food?

A

Autotrophs

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31
Q

What are heterotrophs?

A

Organisms that get their food/nutrition from other sources

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32
Q

Give me an example of autotrophs?

A

Plants

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33
Q

Give me an example of Heterotrophs?

A

Animals

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34
Q

What’s life’s vital processes?

A

metabolism

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35
Q

What’s the chemical reaction that keeps an organism alive?

A

metabolism

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36
Q

What involves photosynthesis and respiration?

A

metabolism

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37
Q

What is the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into organic compound(food) and oxygen?

A

Photosynthesis

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38
Q

Plants, algae and some bacteria are able to do what?

A

Photosynthesis

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39
Q

What type of organisms can photosynthesize?

A

Autotrophic organism

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40
Q

What is the chemical equation of photosynthesis?

A

CO2 + H2O -> CHO(food) + O2

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41
Q

CO2 + H2O -> CHO(food) + O2 is which chemical reaction?

A

Photosynthesis

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42
Q

What is needed to drive photosynthesis/

A

Sun energy

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43
Q

What is respiration?

A

Conversion of organic compounds(food) into energy

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44
Q

What is the conversion of organic compounds(food) into energy?

A

Respiration

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45
Q

What do plants, algae, some bacteria and animals do in metabolism?

A

Respiration

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46
Q

What kind of organism are in respiration?

A

Autotrophic and Heterotrophic organisms

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47
Q

What is the chemical equation of respiration?

A

CHO(food) + O2 -> CO2 + H2O + energy

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48
Q

What equation is CHO(food) + O2 -> CO2 + H2O + energy?

A

Respiration

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49
Q

What needs food and oxygen as a starting product?

A

respiration

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50
Q

What needs to get energy out as end product?

A

respiration

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51
Q

Carbon dioxide and water are end products of what?

A

respiration

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52
Q

What is asexual reproduction?

A

Involving one parent

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53
Q

What reproduction is where offspring are genetic clones because all genes come from that one parents?

A

Asexual reproduction

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54
Q

What is sexual reproduction?

A

Involving two parents

55
Q

What reproduction has a mixture of two parents?

A

Sexual reproduction

56
Q

What is a Gamete?

A

A special reproductive cell

57
Q

what is a special reproductive cell?

A

A gamete

58
Q

What is a sperm?

A

contains a copy of all the male’s genes

59
Q

What contains a copy of all the male’s genes?

A

sperm

60
Q

What is an egg?

A

contains a copy of all the female genes?

61
Q

What contains a copy of all the female genes?

A

An egg

62
Q

What is a zygote?

A

An egg that has been fertilized

63
Q

What is an egg that has been fertilized?

A

a zygote

64
Q

What is external fertilization?

A

Takes place outside the body, like frogs

65
Q

What is internal fertilization?

A

takes place inside the body

66
Q

What is cell theory part 1?

A

All living things are made of one or more cells.

67
Q

what is cell theory part 2?

A

All cells come from pre-existing living cells

68
Q

What are the levels of biological organization?

A

Cells. Tissue. Organs. Organ systems.

69
Q

In levels of biological organization cells are what?

A

Cells combine to make tissue

70
Q

In levels of biological organization what are tissue?

A

Tissue combine to make organs

71
Q

In levels of biological organization what are organs?

A

Organs combine to make organ systems

72
Q

In levels of biological organization what are organ systems?

A

Organ systems combine to make organisms.

73
Q

What combines to make tissue?

A

Cells

74
Q

What combines to make organs?

A

Tissue

75
Q

What combines to make organ systems?

A

Organs

76
Q

What combines to make organisms?

A

Organ systems

77
Q

What type of cell is smaller?

A

Prokaryotic

78
Q

What type of cell is less complex?

A

Prokaryotic

79
Q

What cell has no nucleus?

A

Prokaryotic

80
Q

Bacteria is what kind of cell?

A

Prokaryotic

81
Q

What type of cell is larger?

A

Eukaryotic

82
Q

What kind of cell is more complex?

A

Eukaryotic

83
Q

What kind of cell has a nucleus?

A

Eukaryotic

84
Q

What kind of cells are plants and animals?

A

Eukaryotic

85
Q

What is taxonomy?

A

science of identifying, classifying and naming organisms

86
Q

What is science of identifying, classifying and naming organisms?

A

Taxonomy

87
Q

What are the taxonomic categories?

A

Domain. Kingdom. Phylum. Class. Order. Family. Genus. Species.

88
Q

Which Domains are unicelllular?

A

Domain Bacteria. Domain Archaea.

89
Q

Which Domain is unicellular or multicellular?

A

Domain Eukarya

90
Q

What kind of cell is Domain Bacteria?

A

Prokaryotic

91
Q

What kind of cell is Domain Archaea?

A

Prokaryotic

92
Q

What kind of cell is Domain Eukarya?

A

Eukaryotic

93
Q

True or False? Is Domain Archaea genetically different from Domain Bacteria?

A

True

94
Q

What kingdoms are in Domain Eukarya?

A

Plant, Animal, Protista and Fungi kingdoms

95
Q

What are the rules of writing a scientific name?

A
  1. Capitalize the genus part
  2. Don’t capitalize the species name
  3. Italicized entire name
96
Q

What is a scientific name?

A

First part is the genus, second part identifies the species within that genus

97
Q

What are common names?

A

They are not standardized. Vary from region to region

98
Q

What is a group of organisms that interbreed under natural conditions and produce fetile offspring?

A

Biological species

99
Q

This membrane acts as a barrier between contents of the cell and its external environment. This membrane also controls what comes into the cell and what leaves the cell. What is it?

A

The Plasma or Cell Membrane

100
Q

It contains the DNA. The nucleus membrane surrounds it and acts as a barrier between the nuclear contents and the rest of the cell. It also regulates the flow of material into and out of it. What is it?

A

Nucleus

101
Q

The internal contents of the cell except the nucleus. Where metabolism of the cell takes place. Includes many small structures that perform specialized functions in the cell. What is it?

A

Cytoplasm

102
Q

To early biologists, these small structures looked like little organs within the cells, this they are called what?

A

Organelles

103
Q

What carries out respiration and are found in both plant and animal cells?

A

Mitochondrion

104
Q

These organelles carry out photosynthesis. They are found in plant cells and other photosynthetic organisms. what are they?

A

Chloroplasts

105
Q

Is found only in plants cells. It is made of a material called cellulose and supports and protects the plant cell. What is it?

A

Cell Wall

106
Q

Is found only in plant cells. It stores water, nutrients and other plant chemicals, It helps the plant cell to remain ridged. What is it?

A

Vacuole

107
Q

Prokaryotic cells are part of which domain?

A

Bacteria & Archaea

108
Q

What domain are autotrophs and heterotrophs from?

A

Domain Eukarya

109
Q

What type of cell is this?

A

Animal cell

110
Q

What type of cell is this?

A

Plant cell

111
Q

What is number 1?

A

Mitochondrion. Carries out respiration

112
Q

what is number 2?

A

Nucleus. Control center. Contains DNA.

113
Q

What is number 3?

A

Plasma Membrane. The barrier between the contents of the cell and its external environment. Also controls what comes and what goes out.

114
Q

What is number 4? and what is it’s function?

A

Cytoplasm. Where metabolism takes place

115
Q

What cell is this?

A

Eukaryotic Cell

116
Q

Where is the ribosomes?

A

5

117
Q

Where is the cytoplasm?

A

2

118
Q

Where is the nucleus?

A

4

119
Q

Where is the Plasma Membrane?

A

1

120
Q

Where is the DNA?

A

3

121
Q

What type of cell is this?

A

Prokaryotic Cell

122
Q

Where is the DNA?

A

3

123
Q

Where is ribosomes?

A

5

124
Q

Where is the plasma membrane?

A

1

125
Q

Where is the cytoplasm?

A

2

126
Q

Where is the nucleoid region?

A

4

127
Q

What is #1?

A

Mitochondrion. Carries out respiration

128
Q

What is #2?

A

Chloroplast. Carry out photosynthesis

129
Q

What is #3?

A

Plasma membrane. barrier between cell and outside environment. Also what goes in and out.

130
Q

What is #4?

A

Nucleus. DNA

131
Q

What is #5?

A

Cell wall. only found in plants. made of cellulose.

132
Q

What is #6?

A

Vacuole. found only in plants. stores water, nutrients and chemicals. helps remain rigid

133
Q

what is #7?

A

cytoplasm. metabolism takes place.

Wildlife Biology (31 decks)

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