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Wildlife Biology > Bacteria,Archae, Protista and Fungi > Flashcards

Bacteria,Archae, Protista and Fungi Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a group of prokaryotic cells that are unicellular and microscopic?

A

Bacteria

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2
Q

What is Bacteria?

A

a group of prokaryotic cells that are unicellular and microscopic

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3
Q

What lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles found in Eukaryotic cells?

A

Bacteria

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4
Q

What have cell walls for protection and regulation?

A

Bacteria

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5
Q

What lives in soil, salt, marshes, lakes, rivers, and in the ocean?

A

Bacteria

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6
Q

What lives on plants and animals and certain species live in the bodies of animals, including humans?

A

Bacteria

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7
Q

What bacteria is photosynthesis?

A

Cyanobacteria

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8
Q

Which bacteria contains green pigment called chlorophyll?

A

Cyanobacteria

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9
Q

Which bacteria can be found in rivers, lakes and oceans?

A

Cyanobacteria

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10
Q

Which bacteria can coat stones long rivers or aquarium glass?

A

Cyanobacteria

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11
Q

What bacteria use to be called “blue-green algae” but isn’t algae?

A

Cyanobacteria

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12
Q

Which bacteria is a producer? by producing oxygen and food for others?

A

Cyanobacteria

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13
Q

What are prokaryotic and unicellular like bacteria?

A

Archaea

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14
Q

What has a different DNA from bacteria?

A

Archaea

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15
Q

What has closer DNA to Eukaryotes?

A

Archaea

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16
Q

What is found in a variety of habitats, some of which are very extreme?

A

Archaea

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17
Q

Which kingdom is known as the junk drawer kingdom?

A

The Protista Kingdom

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18
Q

What cell is unicellur, microscopic AND multicellular and macroscopic?

A

Protista

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19
Q

Which cell is some plant-like AND animal-like?

A

Protista

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20
Q

Which cell is autotrophic AND heterotrophic?

A

Protista

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21
Q

What cell type do Protista have?

A

Eukaryotic cell

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22
Q

What cell is animal-like, motile, heterotrophic, unicellular, microscopic and found in wet environments?

A

Protista

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23
Q

What cell is plant-like, can photosynthesize, are unicellular and/or multicellular and many are plankton?

A

Algae

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24
Q

Why are algae called producers?

A

They produce oxygen and food.

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25
Q

What is chlorophyll?

A

A green pigment

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26
Q

In algae this is a root-like structure that attaches itself to sand, rock, shells ,a pier or some other surface, what is a it?

A

A holdfast

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27
Q

What protozoa is unicellular, microscopic and lives in wet environments like rivers, lakes, and the ocean?

A

Amoeba

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28
Q

What protozoa is irregular cell shape? You can also see the circular nucleus in each cell.

A

Amoeba

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29
Q

Which protozoa engulf food to survive?

A

Amoeba

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30
Q

Which protozoa extend their cytoplasm in a structures called pseudopodia?

A

Amoeba

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31
Q

What does pseudopodia mean?

A

False feet

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32
Q

Which protozoa are harmless, but some species cause disease if you ingest them?

A

Amoeba

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33
Q

What unicellular, microscopic protozoa live in wet habitats including rivers, lakes, and the ocean?

A

Ciliates

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34
Q

Which protozoa are oval in shape, and you can often see the nucleus and other organelles?

A

Ciliates

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35
Q

Why are Ciliates considered protozoa?

A

Because they engulf food to survive

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36
Q

What protozoa they beat tiny hair-like structures called cilia to move around?

A

Ciliates

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37
Q

Cilia cover the outer cell membrane, but they are very thin and small of which protozoa?

A

Ciliates

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38
Q

What are microscopic unicellular algae that live in wet environments like rivers, lakes, and the ocean?

A

Diatoms

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39
Q

Which unicellular algae are considered “algae” because they photosynthesize using chloroplasts (which are golden in color due to brown/golden pigments)?

A

Diatoms

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40
Q

Which unicellular algae cell has an outer cell wall (shell) made of silica, which is basically “glass.”?

A

Diatoms

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41
Q

Which unicellular algae store their excess food as oil droplets, which also help them stay afloat?

A

Diatoms

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42
Q

What is another type of microscopic, unicellular algae that live in wet environments like lakes and the ocean?

A

Dinoflagellates

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43
Q

What unicellular algae are considered “algae” because they photosynthesize (although some species can be heterotrophic)?

A

Dinoflagellates

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44
Q

What unicellular algae has a cell wall (shell) made ofcellulose, and come in a variety of shapes depending on the species?

A

Dinoflagellates

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45
Q

Which unicellular algae cell has 2 flagella, which are long hair-like projections that they whip around in order to swim?

A

Dinoflagellates

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46
Q

Which unicellular algae when disturbed emit light, which is called bioluminescence?

A

Dinoflagellates

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47
Q

Which unicellular algae stains the coastal water reddish-brown in a phenomenon known as a red-tide?

A

Dinoflagellates

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48
Q

What multicellular freshwater algae lives in rivers and lakes?

A

Spirogyra

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49
Q

Which multicellular algae is a green algae species because the green chlorophyll pigment dominates?

A

Spirogyra

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50
Q

Which multicellular algae has its chloroplasts spiral in shape?

A

Spirogyra

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51
Q

Which multicellular algae have long thin filaments?

A

Spirogyra

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52
Q

Which multicellular algae is a species of green algae that is found in the ocean (thus it is a type of “seaweed”)?

A

Sea Lettuce

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53
Q

What multicellular algae has green chlorophyll that dominates its color?

A

Sea Lettuce

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54
Q

Which multicellular algae grows flat and “leafy” and is typically found in shallow water habitats along the coast?

A

Sea Lettuce

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55
Q

Which multicellular algae is an important food for many grazing marine fish and invertebrates?

A

Sea Lettuce

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56
Q

What multicellular algae is typically found in shallow intertidal habitats along the coast including bays and mudflats?

A

Green Ribbon Algae

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57
Q

Which multicellular algae is related to Sea Lettuce and is also an important food source for many marine animals?

A

Green Ribbon Algae

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58
Q

Which multicellular algae looks thin, green, and stringy?

A

Green Ribbon Algae

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59
Q

True or False: For the Green Ribbon Algae each green “string” is actually a hollow tube?

A

True

60
Q

What is a type of marine red algae?

A

Erect Coralline Red Algae

61
Q

What multicellular algae has green chlorophyll but its reddish-pink pigment dominates?

A

Erect Coralline Red Algae

62
Q

Which multicellular algae deposits hard calcium carbonate in its tissues so it feels hard like “coral.”?

A

Erect Coralline Red Algae

63
Q

Which multicellular algae grows erect (upright) and its branches are jointed so it flexes with waves and currents instead of breaking?

A

Erect Coralline Red Algae

64
Q

Which multicellular algae can typically be found along the coastline on rocky shores and in tide pools?

A

Erect Coralline Red Algae

65
Q

What other multicellular algae also deposits hard calcium carbonate in its tissues?

A

Encrusting Coralline Red Algae

66
Q

Which multicellular algae grows as a flat pinkish crust on rocks, shells, and other structures?

A

Encrusting Coralline Red Algae

67
Q

Which multicellular algae is a marine species of brown algae?

A

Giant Kelp

68
Q

Which multicellular uses its strong holdfast to attach to rocky bottoms along our coast and can grow up to 24 inches per day if the conditions are right?

A

Giant Kelp

69
Q

What is a Stipe in plant terms?

A

A stem

70
Q

What are gas filled that keep the kelp off the sea floor?

A

pneumatocysts

71
Q

What are the leaf-like structures where the photosynthesis takes place on kelp called?

A

Blades

72
Q

Which multicellular algae dominant species that make up California’s kelp forests?

A

Giant Kelp

73
Q

What multicellular algae is another common marine species of brown algae?

A

Feather Boa Kelp

74
Q

Which multicellular algae attaches to rocky bottoms with it’s holdfast and typically grows in shallow water close to shore?

A

Feather Boa Kelp

75
Q

Which multicellular can be identified by its overall shape, flat stipe, and numerous short blades?

A

Feather Boa Kelp

76
Q

What multicellular algae is another species of marine brown algae. It grows attached to rocks but can also survive by floating freely in the water?

A

Sargassum

77
Q

What multicellular algae is not native to California. It was originally introduced from Japan, but has reproduced rapidly and can be seen almost anywhere along our coast?

A

Sargassum

78
Q

What multicellular algae can be identified by its overall shape, and the small size of its stipe, pneumatocysts, and blades?`

A

`Sargassum

79
Q

What is the scientific study of fungus?

A

Mycology

80
Q

What part of the fungus forms the tightly compacted body of a mushroom?

A

Hyphae

81
Q

What is the the loosely branching structure in the soil of the fungus?

A

mycelium

82
Q

What is used to secrete digestive enzymes and then absorb nutrients?

A

mycelium

83
Q

Fungi have ridged cell walls, which are made of a material called?

A

chitin

84
Q

How do fungi reproduce?

A

by releasing single-celled structures called spores

85
Q

What is the ecological role of fungi?

A

Some are decomposers and some are parasites

86
Q

Which fungus form relationships with plants?

A

Mycorhizzal

87
Q

What fungi form symbiotic relationships with either algae or cyanobacteria?

A

Lichens

88
Q

Why are lichen said that they are composite organisms?

A

Because they are made up of two or more independent organisms.

89
Q

What kind of symbiosis does Lichens represent?

A

Mutual symbiosis

90
Q

What does lichen give the algae or cyanobacteria that live among the fungal hyphae?

A

nutrients, moisture, and protection.

91
Q

What does the lichen get from the photosynthetic action of the algae/cyanobacteria?

A

Carbohydrates

92
Q

How fast lichens grow?

A

1/25 to 1/2 inch per year.

93
Q

What are the three growth forms of lichens?

A

Fruticose. Foliose. Crustose.

94
Q

What are often seen growing out of a fallen log or tree trunk?

A

Bracket mushrooms

95
Q

What are two types of bracket fungi?

A

Artist’s fungus and Sulphur shelf

96
Q

What are often seen growing out of the forest floor like a ball?

A

Puffball fungi

97
Q

What fungus has its spores “puff” out of top when it ruptures or is impacted?

A

puffball fungi

98
Q

Which fungi curl up into a ball when it is dry?

A

Earthstar fungi

99
Q

When there is moisture (rain, fog, etc.) which fungi peels open like a flower? Spores “puff” out of top when rain hits center.

A

Earthstar fungi

100
Q

Which lichen grow somewhat upright and erect like small “bushes.”?

A

Fruticose lichens

101
Q

Which lichens grow flat and “leafy.”? They sometimes look like peeling paint.

A

Foliose lichens

102
Q

Which lichens grow flat and they sometimes look like spattered paint? They are seen in a variety of colors and are common on rocks and old concrete structures.

A

Crustose lichens

103
Q

What protozoa is this?

A

Amoeba

104
Q

What unicellular algae is this?

A

Diatoms

105
Q

What bacteria is this?

A

Cyanobacteria

106
Q

What unicellular algae is this?

A

Diatoms

107
Q

What unicellular algae is this?

A

Diatoms

108
Q

What unicellular algae is this?

A

Diatoms

109
Q

What unicellular algae is this?

A

Dinoflagellates

110
Q

What unicellular bacteria is this?

A

Dinoflagellates

111
Q

what unicellular algae is this?

A

Dinoflagellates

112
Q

An Amoeba is what type of cell?

A

Protozoa

113
Q

What are these called?

A

Pseudopodia

114
Q

What multicellular algae is this?

A

Spirogyra

115
Q

What multicellular algae is this?

A

Spirogyra

116
Q

What type of multicellular algae is this?

A

Spirogyra

117
Q

Where is the cap?

A

1

118
Q

Where are the spores?

A

2

119
Q

Where is the stalk?

A

3

120
Q

Where is the mycelium?

A

4

121
Q

Where is the hyphae?

A

5

122
Q

Where are the gills?

A

6

123
Q

What lichen is this?

A

Foliose

124
Q

What lichen is this?

A

Crustose

125
Q

What lichen is this?

A

Foliose

126
Q

What lichen is this?

A

Fruticose

127
Q

What lichen is this?

A

Fruticose

128
Q

What lichen is this?

A

Fruticose

129
Q

What algae is this?

A

Encrusting Coralline Red Algae

130
Q

What multicellular algae is this?

A

Feather Boa Kelp

131
Q

What multicellular algae is this?

A

Feather Boa Kelp

132
Q

What multicellular Algae is this?

A

Feather Boa Kelp

133
Q

What multicellular algae is this?

A

Giant Kelp

134
Q

What multicellular algae is this?

A

Green Ribbon Algae

135
Q

Which multicellular algae is this?

A

sargassum

136
Q

What is #1?

A

filament

137
Q

What is #2?

A

anther

138
Q

What is #3`

A

stamen

139
Q

What is #4?

A

petal

140
Q

What is #5?

A

ovule

141
Q

What is #6?

A

Ovary

142
Q

What is #7

A

pollen tube

143
Q

What is #8?

A

style

144
Q

What is #9?

A

stigma

145
Q

What is #10?

A

pistil

146
Q

What is #11?

A

petal

147
Q

What is #12?

A

Sepal

Wildlife Biology (31 decks)

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