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Wildlife Biology > Mammals Part 1 > Flashcards

Mammals Part 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Explain the three characteristics that make the Order Monotremata “reptilianlike.”

A
  • Cloaca
  • Locomotion
  • Oviparous
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2
Q

Explain/describe the other characteristics of the order Monotremata

A
  • No teats
  • No vibrissae
  • males have horny spurs on ankles
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3
Q

In the Order Monotremata, How do young suckle milk?

A

Mother sweats milk, young sucks milk off the fur

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4
Q

What kinds of animals are in the Order Monotremata?

A
  • Duck-billed Platypus
  • Spiny Echidna
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5
Q

Where do the Order Marsupials live?

A

Australia

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6
Q

What is unique about the Order Marsupial gestation and the way the embryos develop?

A
  • Short gestation
  • young born underdeveloped
  • develop in the marsupium (pouch)
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7
Q

What is a marsupium?

A

fur lined pouch

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8
Q

What are the characteristics of the Opossum?

A
  • robust immune system
  • larger number of teeth
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9
Q

What kinds of animals are in the Order Marsupials?

A
  • Koala
  • Kangaroo
  • Wallaby
  • Wombat
  • Opossum
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10
Q

What does it mean to be a placental mammal?

A
  • The young develop in the placenta and are a live birth
  • viviparous
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11
Q

How are the Order Soricomorpha different than rodents?

A

Sharp-pointy teeth unlike rodents

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12
Q

What does fossorial mean?

A

spends most of it’s life underground

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13
Q

How are moles adapted for digging?

A

powerful front limbs

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14
Q

What kinds of animals are in the Order Soricomorpha?

A
  • Shrews
  • Moles
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15
Q

How is the body of a bat adapted for flight?

A
  • keeled sternum
  • hollow bones
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16
Q

Describe the arm of a bat/hand/wing structure of a bat

A

hand is formed into wings w/ double membrane of skin stretching between fingers and extending to forearm

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17
Q

What is echolocation in bats?

A

they emit sound waves that bounce back to sense prey

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18
Q

Why are bats beneficial?

A
  • insect control
  • pollinators
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19
Q

Describe the teeth of lagomorphs?

A
  • 4 upper incisors, 2 behind the incisors
  • 2 lower incisors
  • no canine teeth
  • grow throughout life
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20
Q

What are the characteristics of a rabbit?

A
  • altricial young
  • burrow underground
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21
Q

What are the characteristics of a hare?

A
  • precocial young
  • make nest on ground
22
Q

What kinds of animals are in the Order Lagomorpha?

A
  • rabbits
  • pikas
  • hares
23
Q

Describe the teeth of rodents

A
  • 2 upper
  • 2 lower
  • grow throughout life
24
Q

How are rodents similar and different to lagomorphs?

A
  • rodents are herbivores like lagomorphs
  • rodents have two incisor teeth, lagomorphs have 4
25
Q

What are the characteristics of the Squirrel family?

A
  • bushy tails covered in fur
  • diurnal (day time)
  • herbivores
26
Q

What are the characteristics of the Gopher family?

A
  • cheek pouches
  • incisors always exposed
  • large front claws
  • fossorial: burrowing
27
Q

What are the characteristics of the kangaroo rat family?

A
  • fur lined cheek pouches
  • strong hind legs
  • weak incisors
  • long tails
  • fossorial: borrowers
28
Q

What are the characteristics of the beaver family?

A
  • aquatic
  • paddle shaped tail
  • largest California rodent
29
Q

What are the characteristics of the porcupine family?

A
  • heavy body
  • short legs
  • slow moving
  • quills
  • nocturnal
  • feed on bark
30
Q

What are the characteristics of the New world mice/rats?

A
  • native
  • soft fur-lined tails
  • ventral surface lighter than dorsal surface
31
Q

What are the characteristics of the Old world mice/rats?

A
  • naked scaly tails
  • one color
  • non-native
32
Q

What kinds of animals are in the squirrel family?

A
  • Gray squirrel
  • Antelope ground squirrel
  • Yellow bellied marmot
  • Woodchuck
33
Q

What kinds of animals are in the gopher family?

A
  • Pocket Gopher
34
Q

What kinds of animals are in the Kangaroo rat family?

A
  • Kangaroo rat
35
Q

What kinds of animals are in the beaver family?

A
  • North American Beaver
36
Q

What kinds of animals are in the porcupine family?

A
  • Porcupine
37
Q

What kinds of animals are in the New world mice/rats family?

A
  • Muskrat
  • Woodrat
  • Deer mouse
38
Q

What kinds of animals are in the Old world mice/rats family?

A
  • House mouse
  • Black rat
  • Norway rat
39
Q

Why do we say Cetacea animals are strictly aquatic?

A
  • Don’t need land
  • Give birth, eat, mate in the ocean
40
Q

How are Cetacea bodies modified for life in the sea?

A
  • Fusiform
  • hairless
  • flippers
  • blubber
41
Q

Describe the functions of blubber.

A

Insulation

42
Q

Compare the characteristics of toothed whales

A
  • one blow hole
  • echolocation (sonar)
  • homodant teeth
43
Q

Compare the characteristics of baleen whales

A
  • no teeth, baleen instead
  • two blow holes
  • filter feed
  • larger than toothed whales
44
Q

What kinds of animals are in the Order Cetacea?

A
  • Dolphins
  • Porpoises
  • Orca
  • Sperm Whales
  • Humpback Whale
  • Gray Whale
  • Blue Whale
45
Q

What are the defining characteristics of the Order Carnivora?

A
  • wide variety of diets
  • a lot of hair
  • curved claws
  • long canine teeth
  • prominent teeth
46
Q

Describe the characteristics of the Dog family?

A
  • non-retractable claws
  • digitigrade
  • long bushy tails
  • pointed muzzles
47
Q

Describe the characteristics of the Bear Family?

A
  • Largest carnivore
  • walk plantigrade
  • omnivores
48
Q

Describe the characteristics of the Ringtail family?

A
  • plantigrade walk
  • rings on tails
  • color on face
  • omnivores
49
Q

Describe the characteristics of the Weasel family?

A
  • well-developed musk glands
  • slender long bodies
  • short legs
  • furred tails
50
Q

Describe the characteristics of the Cat family

A
  • Short muzzles
  • digitigrade walk
  • retractable claws

Wildlife Biology (31 decks)

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