Reptile diseases Flashcards
Why do some lizards develop edema of limbs?
Adrenocortical insufficiency under population stress
Necrotizing dermatitis (blister disease) is caused by what?
Damp, fecal-contaminated environment
Metabolic bone disease is caused by what
Ca or vit D deficient diets, diets with inverse Ca:P ratio, inadequate exposure to UV light
C/S of hypovitaminosis A
Palpebral edema, lethargy, anorexia, wt loss, squamous metaplasia, skin sloughing
Which animals are susceptible to hypovitaminosis E?
Aquatic carnivorous reptiles - due to high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids in fish
C/s of hypovit E
Anorexia and painful subcutaneous nodules
Goitrogenic veg
Bok choy, broccoli, cabbage, kale
Iodine deficiency is most commonly reported in which animals?
Tortoises
Primary causative agent of infectious stomatitis
Aeromonas hydrophila
Aeromonas hydrophila is transmitted by what?
Ophionyssis natricis
Etiological agent of pneumonia
Aeromonas hydrophila
SCUD
Septicemic Cutaneous Ulcerative Disease
Etiology of SCUD
Citrobacter freundii
C/S of SCUD
necrotizing, ulcerative lesions on shell and skin, lethargy, decreased muscle tone, limb paralysis, loss of claws and digits
Etiology of ulcerative shell disease
Benecka chitinovora
Papovavirus c/s
Benign papillomas
Herpvirus in green sea turtles
Causes fibropapillomatosis, lung, eye, and trachea dz, and “grey patch disease”
c/s of adenovirus
multiple organ congestion with multifocal hepatic necrosis
basophilic intranuclear inclusions in hepatocytes and small intestine
conjunctivitis and blepharitis
Etiological agent of Fer de Lance virus
Ophidian paramyxovirus
Ophidian paramyxovirus c/s
resp signs, leth, death
Viper viruses are what kind of virus
Leukovirus - seen in Asian pit vipers, cause intravascular emboli in spleen
where can you isolate reovirus
Upper epidermal layers of papillomatous skin lesions
Retrovirus causes what in pythons
IBD of Boids
What sign do you see with cryptosporidiosis in snakes?
mid-body swelling
Etiological agent of amoebiasis in reptiles
Entamoeba invadens
Coccidiosis spp in reptiles
Isospora, eimeria, caryospora
4 flagellated protozoa seen in reptiles
Hexamita, Trichomonas, Giardia, and Leptomonas (all nonpathogenic)_
3 hemoparasites + species
Haemogregarina - chelonians
Hepatozoon - snakes
Karyolysus - old world lizards
c/s of hemoparasites
Don’t typically cause disease
Trematode Spp (4)
Lechriorchis spp., Zeugorchus spp., Dasymetra spp., and Ochestosoma spp
pathogenesis of trematodiasis
migrate through the stomach to esophagus to lungs
Which cestode infects snakes and turtles
Ophiotaenia
Which cestode infects lizards
Accanthotaenia
c/s of cestodiasis
Subclinical or cause GI dz
Do acanthocephalans cause dz in reptiles?
no, not typically
Which worms are transmitted to reptiles from monkeys?
Pentastomes (larvae in monkey, larvae -> adults in reptile)
Lung mite
Entonyssus
Mite that causes dermatitis and anemia
Hirsitiella trombidiiformis
Which drug should you not use on chelonians
Ivermectin - crosses BBB
Gout etiology
deposition of urate crystals in joints and soft tissue secondary to hyperuricemia due to overproduction (primary) or decreased excretion (secondary) of uric acid
