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Anat20006 > Reproductive system and urinary system > Flashcards

Reproductive system and urinary system Flashcards

1
Q

Where are the attachment sites of the pelvic diaphragm?

A

Pubis

Coccyx

Pelvic brim

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2
Q

What separates the pelvis from the perineum?

A

Pelvic diaphragm

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3
Q

The pelvic diaphragm supports pelvic viscera and attaches ______ ______

A

External genetalia

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4
Q

Levator ani is a major muscle in the pelvic diaphragm. What are its three component muscles?

A

Puborectalis

Pubococcygeus

Iliococcygeus

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5
Q

Which muscle in levator ani wraps around the ano-rectal junction and helps faecal continence?

A

Puborectalis

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6
Q

Below the pelvic diaphragm is the _____ which has openings for the urethra and vagina in females.

A

Perineal membrane

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7
Q

The deep perineal pouch is the space between the ______ and the ______

A

Perineal membrane

Pelvic diaphragm

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8
Q

What kind of sphincter is contained in the deep perineal pouch which constricts the urethra?

A

Voluntary

(skeletal muscle)

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9
Q

Neurovascular structures which supply the penis are contained in the _____________

A

Deep perineal pouch

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10
Q

How many seminiferous tubules usually make up a testi?

A

400-600

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11
Q

What thick connective tissue surrounds the seminiferous tubules?

A

Tunica albuginea

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12
Q

Spermatozoa are produced in the ______ and collected by the rete testes and stored in the ________

A

Seminiferous tubules

Epididymus

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13
Q

Where do spermatozoa mature?

A

In the epididymus

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14
Q

The ____ of the epididymus is connected to the vas deferens

A

tail

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15
Q

When no ejaculation occurs for a while, old sperm are _____ in the epidydmus and reabsorbed as proteins

A

broken down

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16
Q

The gonads develop on the posterior abdominal wall and descend in ______

A

utero

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17
Q

The ______ anchors the testes to the abdominal wall and the body grows around the testes so that the descent is _______ to the body

A

Gubernaculum

Relative

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18
Q

The spermatic cord contains ______ structures and is comparable to ______ of abdominal viscera

A

neurovascular

mesentry

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19
Q

The vas deferens is a _______ tube leading to the ejaculatory duct via the duct of ____ _______

A

Muscular

Seminal vesicle

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20
Q

The vas deferens penetrates the abdominal wall and passes through the ___________ ________ before reaching the duct of seminal vesicle

A

Inguinal canal

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21
Q

The seminal vesicle is located on the ________ surface of the bladder

A

Posterior

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22
Q

The ejaculatory duct from the seminal vesicle and vas deferens empty into the ________ urethra

A

Prostatic

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23
Q

What monosaccharide does the seminal vesicle provide to sperm as nutrition?

A

Fructose

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24
Q

The seminal vesicle provides _____ agent for the sperm

A

Coagulating

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25
The prostate is superior to the _______ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Perineal membrane Pelvic diaphragm
26
The prostate plays a role in ______ sperm
Activating
27
The bulbourethral gland is a duct which opens into the _____ urtehra and pierces the ________ membrane
Spongy Perineal
28
The bulbourethral glands secrete _____ which is also part of pre ejaculate and lubircates the urethra
Mucous
29
What is the method of prostate examination called?
Digital rectal examination
30
Benign prostatic hypertrophy is hypertrophy of the ______ prostate and can compress the urethra
Central
31
In prostate cancer, the prostate feels _____ and is entrely affected
hard
32
The penis is suspended by ________ and the pubic arch
Perineal membrane
33
There are two _______ and one ______ which are erectile tissues of the penis
Coropora cavernosa Corpus spongiosum
34
The glans penis is a direct extension of the _____ \_\_\_\_\_\_
Corpus spongiosum
35
The corpora cavernosa is attached to both the perineal membrane and \_\_\_\_\_\_
Pubic arch
36
The corpus spongiosum is only attached to the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Perineal membrane
37
The corpora cavernosa also form the ____ of the penis which are wrapped in **Ischiocavernosus** muscle
crus
38
The ______ covers the corpus spongiosum
Bulbospongiosus muscle
39
The main function of the bulbospongiosus and ischiocavernosus muscles are to contract and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Reduce venous flow
40
The ______ attaches the prepuce/foreskin
Frenulum
41
Skin fuses at the midline to form the scrotal sac. This midline is called?
Raphe
42
During childbirth these structures are prone to injury
Perineum Levator ani Perineal fascia
43
The corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum meet at the pubic \_\_\_\_
symphysis
44
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and _________ are prone to tearing during childbirth leading to possible urinary and faecal incontinence
Pubococcygeus Puborectalis (deep perineal pouches may also be damaged)
45
The uterus is a ____ walled muscular viscera
Thick
46
The position in which a normal uterus is is called
Anteverted (relative to vagina) Anteflexed (over bladder)
47
48
In the _____ position, the uterus is most likely to prolapse during childbirth
Retroverted
49
The endometrium is _____ vascularised
well
50
The fundus is the ____ of the uterus
top
51
52
The fimbria of the fallopian tubes project \_\_\_\_\_\_
posteriorly
53
The ______ receives the cervix and extends posterioly past the cervix
Fornix
54
The ovaries are _____ to the broad ligament and _____ to the uterus
Posterior Lateral
55
The ovaries attach to the uterus via _______ \_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Ligament of ovary
56
The ____ ligament suspends the uterus and is a homologue of the gubernaculum
Round
57
The _____ artery branches to become the vaginal and uterine arteries but the ovarian arteries come from abdominal \_\_\_\_\_\_
Iliac aorta
58
The ovum and sperm meet in the _____ of the fallopian tube
Ampulla | (middle portion)
59
The broad ligament is formed by ______ folds over the uterine tubes
Peritoneal
60
The suspensory ligament of ovary is formed from _______ folds over ovarian vessels
peritoneal
61
The ovaries are surrounded by peritoneum and are thus _____ viscera
introperitoneal
62
The vesico-uterine pouch is formed by peritoneal folds between uterus and the \_\_\_\_\_
Bladder
63
The recto-uterine pouch/pouch of Douglas is the place where _____ normally collect
fluids in the abdominal cavity
64
Implantation of the ovum normally occurs in the ____ of the uterus
Body
65
Ectopic pregnancies include plantation in the \_\_\_\_\_, ______ and even the abdominal cavity
Fallopian tube Infundibulum
66
Fluid will collect in the pouch of douglas when lying \_\_\_\_
supine
67
The posterior ______ provides access to the pouch of douglas to drain fluids
fornix
68
69
The ____ and ___ arch form attachment for the roots of the external genetalia
Perineal membrane Pubic
70
Between the two bulbs of vestibule is the ____ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Glans clitoris
71
Two _____ meet to form the glans clitoris
corpora cavernosa
72
The greater vestibular gland are _____ to the bulbs of vestibule and secrete ______ during arousal
posterior mucous
73
The bulb of vestibules are homologues of the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
corpus spongiosum
74
The _____ muscle covers the crus of clitoris/corpora cavernosa and the muscle which covers the bulbs of vestibule are \_\_\_\_\_\_
Ischiocavernosus Bulbospongiosus muscles
75
Both the _____ \_\_\_\_\_ cover glans clitoris and are highly vascularised
Labia minora
76
The homologue of the scrotum in the female are the ____ \_\_\_\_
Labia majora
77
The vulva/pudendum includes
Erectile tissue and overlying skin
78
The kidneys are \_\_\_\_peritoneal and extends from T12-L\_
Retro 3
79
The kidney's outer layer is the ___ capsule and _____ fat inside the renal fascia surrounds the kidneys
Renal Perinephric
80
The renal sinus formed by the spaces between the kidney and its hilum are filled by ____ fat
Perinephric
81
82
The medulla is also known as the ____ pyramid
Renal
83
84
The renal pelvis is the ____ part of the ureter
dilated
85
The ____ of the medulla secretes urine in to the minor calices
Apex
86
The renal hilum contains the renal \_\_\_\_, ____ and pelvis from front to back
Vein Artery
87
The ___ renal vein is longer than the accompanying artery because the IVC is in the midline while the abdominal aorta closer
Left
88
The renal artery divides into ___ arteries which supply the kidney
Segmental
89
Kidneys have independent renal _____ with their own blood supply
segments
90
There are _ segments in each kidney
5
91
The ____ renal artery supplies the kidney in _____ befoe it migrates upwards post\_\_\_. These arteries are not always present
Accessory utero natal
92
The three constrictions of the ureter are at the _____ junction, pelvic ____ and where it crosses the bladder wall
Uretopelvic brim
93
Where the ureter enters the bladder there is a ____ sphincter
Functional
94
The bladder is a muscular hollow viscus and is the most ___ of all viscera with the apex at the front. The body is free but the neck is bound by \_\_\_\_
Anterior Ligaments
95
The interior of the bladder is mostly muscular ridges but where it is smooth it is called the ____ and has the _____ orifice and urethral orifices
Trigone Ureteric
96
The urethra in females is very ____ and prone to urinary tract infections
short
97
The membranous part of the urethra is where the urethra crosses the _____ floor and the perineal membrane
Pelvic

Anat20006 (11 decks)

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