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Anat20006 > Gastrointestinal tract > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal tract Flashcards

1
Q

The anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) attaches ______ abdominal wall muscles along with the ____ crest and ______ tubercle

A

Anterior

Iliac

Pubic

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2
Q
A
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3
Q

The anterior inferior iliac spine attaches ____ ____ muscles

A

Lower limb

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4
Q

The external oblique is the ___ layer of the anterior abdominal wall and its fibres run ____

A

Superficial

Inferomedially

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5
Q

External oblique (EO) attaches to the ___ superiorly, the ____ ____ medially and the ASIS, iliac crest, pubic tubercle and crest inferiorly

A

Ribs

Linea alba

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6
Q

The medial section of the layers of anterior abdominal are _______

A

Aponeurosis

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7
Q

Where the EO aponeurosis attaches to ASIS and pubic tubercle, it forms the ______ ligament, a fibrous band curving under and posteriorly

A

Inguinal

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8
Q

The ____ artery and vein runs under the inguinal ligament

A

Femoral

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9
Q

Internal oblique (IO) fibres run ____ to EO fibres and the direction is called ________

A

perpendicular

Superomedial

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10
Q

The IO attaches to the ____ margin superiorly

A

Costal

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11
Q

The lowermost fibres of IO arise from the majority of the _____ ligament and insert into pubic crest by a ____ tendon

A

Inguinal

Conjoint

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12
Q

The transverse abdominus (TA) lowermost fibres are similar to the IO except they arise from the ____ of the inguinal ligament but have the same attachment to the pubic crest by a conjoint tendon

A

minority

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13
Q

The rectus abominus sits _____ in the anterior AW and attaches at the pubic ____ and ____ inferiorly and the ___ process and costal cartilage superiorly

A

Intermediately

Crest

Symphysis

Xiphoid

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14
Q

The rectus sheath is formed by the ___ of EO, IO and TA and forms an ____ fibrous compartment for rectus abdominus

A

Aponeurosis

Incomplete

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15
Q

The horizontal intersections of rectus abdominus are called?

A

Tendinous intersections

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16
Q

Where rectus abdominus inserts into the pubic crest, it is known as the ______ muscle

A

Pyramidalis

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17
Q

The testes develop in the ____ abdominal wall within the _____ fascia

A

Posterior

Extraperitoneal

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18
Q

The inguinal canal is the pathway for the testes and its spermatic cord in men or the ____ ligament for the uterus in women

A

Round

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19
Q

The testes cross ____ fascia and three layers of anterior abdominal wall muscles in descent

A

Transversalis

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20
Q

The deep inguinal ring is a hole in the _____ fascia while the superficial ring is where the testes leave the inguinal canal and is formed by the triangular ____ of the EO aponeurosis

A

Transversalis

split

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21
Q

The inguinal canal does not pierce the TA and IO because their fibres ____ over it

A

Arch

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22
Q

The inguinal ligament ____ inferiorly and ____ under the inguinal canal to form the floor

A

thickens

curves

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23
Q

An indirect inguinal hernia involves abdominal contents _____ into the inguinal canal and dropping into the scrotum while still within the ______ , forming a ______ sac

A

entering

Peritoneum

Peritoneal

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24
Q

A direct inguinal hernia does not involve abdominal content entering the inguinal canal instead it is the protrusion via the ___ inguinal wall (transversalis fascia)

A

Posterior

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25
The abdominal wall is bound by the five ____ vertebra and their intervertebral discs and the __ ribs
Lumbar 12th
26
27
The psoas major attaches to the ____ vertebrae and passes ___ to the inguinal ligament to insert into the lesser _____ of the femur
Lumbar Deep Trochanter
28
Quadratus lumborum arises from the 12th ribs and the ____ processes of the lumbar vertebrae and inserts into the ____ crest
Transverse Iliac
29
The gallbladder is a ____ viscera
hollow
30
The solid viscera include \_\_\_\_, ___ and \_\_\_
Liver pancreas spleen
31
32
The esophagus begins at \_\_\_, where it has an anatomical sphincter. The two other constrictions occur at __ and T10
C6 T4/5
33
The middle T4/5 constriction of the esophagus arises from the ____ arch and ____ main bronchus compressing it
Aortic Left
34
The diaphragm acts as a _____ sphincter for the esophagus
functional
35
The external muscles of the esophagus are \_\_\_\_\_ The internal muscles are circular
Longitudinal
36
The _____ junction or Z-line is a distinct change from when the esophageal mucosa becomes stomach mucosa
Esophagogastric
37
The stomach is an _______ viscera and is found in the ______ \_\_\_\_ quadrant
Intraperitoneal Upper left
38
The _____ orifice is where the esophagus opens into the stomach
Cardiac
39
The ____ of the stomach is where gas usually collects
Fundus
40
The pyloric ____ is the part before the pyloric canal, which opens into the pyloric \_\_\_\_\_
Antrum Orifice
41
The pyloric canal is ____ shaped
Funnel
42
The pyloric sphincter/pylorus is a _____ sphincter
Anatomical
43
The gastric folds of the stomach are also called the \_\_\_
rugae
44
The duodenum is _ shaped and is \_\_\_\_peritoneal
C Retro
45
The second part of the duodenum is against the hilum of the ___ kidney and the ___ of the pancreas
right head
46
The liver produces __ which is stored in the gallbladder.
bile
47
Bile moves from the gallbladder through the common bile duct and out to the descending _____ via the major duodenal \_\_\_\_\_
Duodenum Papilla
48
The major duodenal papilla receives not only the common bile duct but also the main ____ duct
Pancreatic
49
The ____ duodenal papilla only brings a small amount of pancreatic enzymes but not any bile
Minor
50
The transverse duodenum at L3 moves behind the __ and abdominal aorta
IVC
51
The duodenal is usually fixed and is retroperitoneal but the jejunum and ileum can move ____ and are \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
freely Intraperitoneal
52
The jejunum has more ____ folds and a thicker wall than the ileum and thus is also more vascular
Mucosa
53
The jejunum has less ____ deposits in the mesentry than the ileum
fat
54
The small intestine external muscle is \_\_\_\_ and the internal muscle is circular
Longitudinal
55
56
57
The ascending colon leads to the hepatic flexure and is named so because it is up against the \_\_\_\_
kidney
58
The splenic flexure occurs near the \_\_\_\_
spleen
59
The tenia coli are the ___ muscles of the large intestine and instead of entirely enclosing the large intestine, it forms ____ longitudinal bands
external three
60
The omental appendices are the fatty tags hanging off the ____ \_\_\_\_
Tenia coli
61
The caecum is a pouch inferior to the ____ junction and is in the lower ___ quadrant
Ileocaecum right
62
The three tenia coli meet at the base of the \_\_\_\_\_
Appendix
63
The colon's position relative the peritoneum can be remembered by ___ from the ascending colon through to the sigmoid colon
RIRI R=retroperitoneal I=Intraperitoneal
64
The rectum does not contain any \_\_\_\_\_, ____ or \_\_\_\_\_
Tenia coli Haustra Omental appendices
65
The diaphragmatic surface of the liver is ____ and ____ and the visceral surface is ____ and inferior
Anterior Superior Posterior
66
The liver is an ________ viscus
Intraperitoneal
67
The visceral surface of the liver contains ____ of adjacent viscera
Impressions
68
The ___ artery supples the liver itself
Hepatic
69
The _____ vein brings blood into the liver from the ______ tract for metabolism
portal Gastrointestinal
70
The portal triad of the liver comprises of?
Common bile duct Hepatic artery Portal vein
71
The _____ ligament divides the liver into the left and right lobe on the ____ surface
Falciform Diaphragmatic
72
The caudate lobe and quadrate lobe of the liver are anatomically part of the ___ lobe
right
73
The hilum/portal hepatis of the liver separates the caudate and quadrate lobe \_\_\_\_\_
Transversely
74
The falciform ligament is the ___ sagittal fissure and the right sagittal fissure is formed by _____ and IVC
Gallbladder
75
The gall bladder sits in a groove of the _____ surface of the liver
Visceral
76
The cystic duct drains bile from the \_\_\_\_\_
Gallbladder
77
The major duodenal papillae contain ____ sphincters
Anatomical
78
The major duodenal papilla sphincters are usually closed so that bile from the liver is ____ into the gallbladder for storage
Refluxed
79
The pancreas is _____ and in the ____ upper quadrant
Retroperitoneal Left
80
81
The accessory pancreatic duct drains only a little pancreatic fluid produced by the ___ of the pancreas into the minor duodenal papilla
Head
82
The spleen is well _____ hence its purple colour
vascularised
83
The spleen is \_\_\_\_\_peritoneal and in the ____ upper quadrant. Its hilum sits on the ____ surface
Intra Left Visceral
84
Fracture of ribs \_, \_, _ endanger the spleen
9 10 11
85
The abdominal aorta splits at the level of \_
L4
86
The ____ trunk and superior and inferior ____ artery from the abdominal aorta supply the hollow, unpaired viscera of the GIT
Celiac Mesenteric
87
Paired branches of the abdominal aorta supply ___ viscera and \_\_\_\_\_wall
Paired Abdominal
88
89
Below the diaphragm, venous return is drained via the \_\_\_
IVC
90
Unpaired viscera must first drain into the _____ vein and then the _____ vein before draining into the IVC
Portal Hepatic

Anat20006 (11 decks)

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