Reproductive System Flashcards
(133 cards)
1
Q
purposes of female reproductive system
A
produces and delivers games and provides nutrition and safe harbor for fetal development gives birth and nourishes infant
2
Q
where is external genitalia located
A
perineum
3
Q
what is in perineum
A
clitoris, labia minora, labia majora
4
Q
what are the part of the vulva and pudendum
A
clitoris, vestibular bulbs and greater and lesser vestibular and paraurethral glands
5
Q
clitoris
A
erectile sensory organ (blood supply)
6
Q
vestibular bulbs
A
erectile tissue deep to labia majora
7
Q
greater and lesser vestibular and paraurethral glands
A
open into vestibular for lubrication
8
Q
mons pons
A
fat over pubic symphysis with most of pubic hair
9
Q
labia majora
A
thick folds and adipose tissue inferior to the mons has hair
10
Q
pudendal cleft
A
fissure between labia majora
11
Q
labia minora
A
hairless folds medial of labia majora
12
Q
labia minora forms
A
vestibular=urethral and vaginal openings
13
Q
ova
A
egg cells
14
Q
what produces egg cell and sex hormones
A
ovaries
15
Q
where do the germ cells develop
A
outer cortex of ovaries
16
Q
each egg develops in its
A
own fluid filled follicle
17
Q
ovaries are attached to uterus by
A
ovarian ligament
18
Q
ovaries are attached to pelvic wall
A
suspensory ligament
19
Q
another name for uterine tube
A
Fallopian tube
20
Q
ovaries are anchored to broad ligament by
A
mesovarian
21
Q
where do ovarian veins lymphatics and nerves travel through
A
suspensory ligament
22
Q
fallopian tubes go from
A
ovary to uterus
23
Q
infundibulum
A
flared trumpet shaped distal ovarian end
24
Q
fimbriae
A
feathery projections on infundibulum
25
ampulla
middle and longest part
26
isthmus
narrower end towards uterus
27
uterus
muscular chamber pear like shaped that opens to roof of vagina
28
fundus
broad superior curvature
29
body (corpus)
middle
30
cervix
cylindrical inferior end
31
parts of uterus
fundus, body, cervix
32
lumen
roughly triangular potential space
33
what connects lumen to vagina
cervical canal
34
cervical glands
secrete mucus that prevents spread of microorganisms from vagina to uterus
35
parts of uterine wall
perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium
36
perimetrium
external serosa layer
37
myometrium
smooth muscle middle most of uterine wall
38
endometrium
inner mucosa, simple columnar epithelial
39
layers of endometrium
functional layer, basal layer
40
functional layer
superficial half shed each menstrual period
41
basal layer
regenerates new functional layer with each menstrual cycle
42
where is the site of attachment of the embryo and placenta where fetus is nourished
endometrium
43
endometriosis
growth of endometrial tissue outside of the uterus
44
vagina glands or no
no
45
vagina allows for
discharge of mentrual fluid, recept of penis and semen and birth of baby
46
what forms hymen
mucosal folds
47
vagina undergoes
metaplasia simple cubiodial then estrogen that transform it into stratified squamous
48
what does the female reproductive tract develop from
paramesonephric ducts
49
what do paramesonephric ducts develop into
uterine tubes uterus and vagina
50
how many eggs is a female born with
2 mil
51
hormone process of development of reproductive tract
rising levels of GnRH which stimulates A.P. to secrete FSH and LH
52
first central cycle
menarche
53
what does menarche require
at least 17% body fat
54
what stimulates gonadotropin secretion
leptin
55
anaovulatory
no egg ovulated
56
where does the production of egg start
fetus
57
oogonia
stem cell
58
what uses mitosis to produce 1st oocyte
oogonia
59
1 oocyte starts meiosis 1 but stops at
prophase 1
60
when does meiosis continue
puberty
61
puberty produces a
2ry oocyte and a polar body
62
2ry is aressted in `
metaphase 2 of meiosis 2 and secreted during ovulation
63
once 2ry oocyte is fertilized
it will end meiosis 2
64
mature follicle
follicle with ovum that will ovulate
65
what holds FSH
mature follicle
66
preovulatory follicle
Graafian follicle
67
what stimulated ovarian follicles
FSH
68
once ovarian follicle are stimulated then
they begin to secrete estrogen proesterone, inhibit and small amount of androgen
69
what selectively surpasses FSH secretion
inhibin
70
what triggers ovulation and converts follicles into corpus luteum
LH
71
what secretes progesterone
corpus luteum
72
sexual cycle begins with
follicular phase
73
when does mentruation occur
first 3-5 days of cycle
74
follicular phase
uterus replaces lost tissue by mitosis and follicles grow by FSH, estrogen secretion
75
ovulation Is around day
14
76
ovulation Is stimulated by
increase in LH
77
once ovum is secreted follicle becomes
corpus luteum
78
in luteal phase corpus luteum will secrete
progesterone
79
in luteal phase, as corpus luteum deteriorates
hormone level drops
80
in luteal phase what breaks down in the last two days
endometrium
81
climacteric
midlife change in hormone secretion , menopause
82
when ovaries stop producing estrogen
dry vag mood swings hot flashes increased cholesterol and decreased HDL
83
what causes hot flashes
vasodilation
84
during pregnancy, what stimulates the development of milk producing ducts
estrogen
85
after delivery prolactin does what
stimulates the production of milk
86
after delivery what does oxytocin do
stimulates the ejection of the milk
87
shat enlarges at puberty
lips and collagenous tissue over pectorals major
88
mammary gland
develops within great during pregnancy
89
breast parts
body auxiliary tail
90
body
conical to pendulous with nipple as its apex
91
axillary tail
extension toward armpit
92
what surrounds the nipple
areola
93
what attachés the breast to dermis
suspensory ligaments
94
in breast cancer tumors begins with cells from
mammary ducts
95
scrotum
ouch of skin, muscle, contains testes
96
what divides scrotum into right and left
internal median septum
97
what is perineal raphe
medial seam on scrotum
98
spermatic cord
connective fissure bundles containing ductus deferent, blood and lymphatic vessels , and testicular nerve
99
what three ways does scrotum regulate temp
cremaster muscle, dartos muscle, pampiniform plexus
100
cremaster muscle
strips internal abdominal oblique muscle
101
dartos muscle
contracts when cold wrinkling the scrotum holding tests against warm body
102
what mechanism to regulate temperature surrounds testicular artery and spermatic cord
pampiniform plexus
103
where is the sperm produced
seminiferous tubules
104
what protects germ cells and promotes this development
sustentacular cells
105
what produces testosterone
interstitial cells
106
sutentocytes offer what
support
107
blood-testis barrier
separates sperm from immune system
108
what collects sperm from seminiferous tubules
rete testis
109
inguinal canal
hernia, direct indirect ducts
110
epididymus
sperm storage for 60 days
111
ejaculatory duct
through prostate merge through urethra
112
seminal vesicles
empties into ejaculatory duct
113
prostate gland
located below the bladder and ejaculatory duct , thin milky secretion forms 30% of semen
114
benign prostatic hyperplasia
noncancerous enlargement of prostate
115
half of penis is
internal root
116
foreskin
prepuce
117
erectile fissure
single corpus spongiosum two corpora cavernous
118
testes secrete testosterone in
first trimester of fetal development
119
what awakens reproductive system
pituitary gonadotropins
120
puberty in boys
first ejaculation of viability;e sperm in boys
121
what binds to leydig cells to produce and secrete testosterone and estrogen
LH
122
if there is a decrease in testosterone then
atrophy of organs, decrease semen and impairs erection and ejaculation
123
what stimulate spermatogenesis and keeps testosterone levels
FSH
124
spermatogenesis is regulated in
Sertoli cells
125
primary stem cell divides by BLANK to produce BLANK
mitosis, 1ry spermatocyte
126
1ry spermatocyte divide through BLANK to produce BLANK
MEIOSIS 1, 2 haploid cells (2ry spermatocyte)
127
2ry spermatocyte divide through BLANK to produce BLANK
meiosis 2, 4 haploide cells, spermatids
128
spermatids mature into
spermatozoa
129
semen
fluid expelled during orgasm
130
what 2 things are required for sperm motility
elevated Ph and energy source
131
sympathetics help reduce
erection
132
parasympathetic induce
secretion
133
emission
sns stimulates peristalsis which propels sperm though ducts as glandular secretions are added
