micro lab quiz #3 Flashcards
what do you use or antimicrobial susceptibility testing
disk diffusion method
when did bacteria start to become resistant to antibiotics
1950
who started using disk diffusion method
Kirby and bauer in 1966
how long are the filet paper with antibiotics
6mm
what are the 6mm paper discs impreganated with
standard concentration of antibiotic
what agar is used for standard specifications in diffusion disc method
Mueller-Hinton agar plate
what is used to have a standard suspension of organism
McFlarland standard
how does disc diffusion work
the rate of diffusion through agar is dependent on diffusion of solubility of the drug on the mueller-winton agar
what is diffusion heavily ties to
molecular weight
antibiotic
chemicals that have select toxicity
broad spectrum
works against GNR AND GPR
narrow spectrum
work against GNR or GPR not both
narrow spectrum is used if possible
doesn’t get as much microbiome
disc diffusion rules
the antibiotic can only kill if it touches
tiny mcg
can reach super far in 12 hours
large mcg
can’t reach as far as tiny mcg
difference between tiny mcg and large mcg is
spreading rate of microorganism
bacteriostatic
stop production and allows your immune system to catch up
bactericidal
antibiotic kills bacteria * more side effects
zone of inhibition are measured bu
mm
is endospores kills in pasteurization
no
pasteurization
super high heat then rapid cooling
what does pasteurization kill
most pathogens
component of milk
lactose, proteins(casin), water
what makes milk go bad
Casin curdles which means ph dropped due to the lactic acid build up
lipid in milk
3.5% fat whole
are enteric found in milk
no
bacteria microbiome
lactococci, lactobacillus, enteroccus
what strains of bacteria are in yogurt
streptococcus and lactobacillus
yogurt
bacteria feed of each others acidic waste
what is the carbon source in sabdex-saboural dextrose agar
glucose
what pathogens is pasteurization trying to get rid of
E. coli and salmonella
what does the low ph in the sabdex agar do
facilitates isolation of fungi 7 growth at room temperatures
what is both favorable for molds and inhibiting bacteria
low ph and a lot of sugar
mold
type of fungi
fungi
soil microbe
what wont work on fungi
antibiotics
study of fungi
clinical mycology
what are some examples of fungal infections
athletes food, thrush , valley fever
about 1.5 mil fungi species
only 200 known to cause disease for animals and humans
what can lead of fungal meningitis
valley fever
root of mold
rhizoids (anchor below surface
what do rhizoids grow out too
sporangiospore(stem)
what holds the sporangiospores
sporangia
what needs air movement to spread
sporangiospores
where did penicillin come from
ubiquitous mold called penicillium
what did penicillium look like on agar
orange
white spread in soil
penicillium, aspergillus, rhizopus
what is found in immunocompromised hosts like aids, leukemia, organ transplant patients
aspergillus
black bread mold
rhizopus
what is an opportunist
rhizopus
why does rhizomes attack strawberries
because of low ph
what is causative agent of vaginal and utis thrush
candida albicans
what sends out filaments to spread
Candida albicans
what forms bio film
Candida albicans
causative garnet for valley fever
coccidiosis immitis
60% of people who are exposed to the fungus show
no symptoms but will have antibodies positive
what stores up valley fever spores
dust storm
in the soil the fungus grows like
mold
