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Medical Terminology > Reproductive System > Flashcards

Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

gonads

A

organs that produce reproductive cells (testes and ovaries)

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2
Q

spermatozoa

A

sperm

singlular: spermatozoon

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3
Q

ova

A

egg

singular: ovum

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4
Q

reproductive organs (particularly external)

A

genitalia (genitals)

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5
Q

gynecology

A

study of diseases of female reproductive organs

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6
Q

cervic/o

A

cervix (can also mean neck); neck of uterus

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7
Q

colp/o

A

vagina

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8
Q

vagin/o

A

vagina

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9
Q

gynec/o

A

female

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10
Q

hyster/o

A

uterus

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11
Q

uter/o

A

uterus

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12
Q

metr/o (metr/i)

A

uterine tissue

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13
Q

oophor/o

A

ovary

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14
Q

ovar/o

A

ovary

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15
Q

salping/o

A

uterine tube (fallopian tube)

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16
Q

vulv/o

A

vulva (external genitalia)

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17
Q

-cidal

A

killing

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18
Q

cyst/o

A

bladder, cyst, or sac

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19
Q

vesic/o

A

bladder, cyst, or sac

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20
Q

genit/o

A

genitals

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21
Q

men/o

A

month

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22
Q

-plasia

A

development or formation

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23
Q

rect/o

A

rectum

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24
Q

urethr/o

A

urethra

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25
Q

urin/o

A

urine

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26
Q

mons pubis

A

pad of fat tissue and thick skin that overlies front of pubic bone

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27
Q

labia minora

A

smaller, inner skin folds

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28
Q

labia majora

A

larger, outer skin folds

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29
Q

urethra

A

opening from bladder

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30
Q

uterine tubes / fallopian tubes

A

transport ova from ovaries to uterus

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31
Q

fetus

A

time in utero after first 8 weeks

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32
Q

uterine

A

pertaining to the uterus

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33
Q

cervix uteri

A

lower, narrow part of uterus that leads to vagina

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34
Q

vagina

A

canal that connects internal and external genitalia

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35
Q

endometrium

A

tissue forming lining of uterus

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36
Q

myometrium

A

thick, muscular tissue of uterus

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37
Q

perimetrium

A

membrane that surrounds uterus

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38
Q

ovulation

A

release of ova

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39
Q

two key woman hormones

A

estrogen and progesterone

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40
Q

menstruation

A

discharge of bloody fluid from uterus at regular intervals (menses)

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41
Q

menopause / climacteric

A

end of women’s reproductive period

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42
Q

vaginal speculum

A

used to spread orifices for inspection

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43
Q

cytology

A

study of cells

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44
Q

Pap (Papanicolaou) smear

A 
collects cells
 - class I (normal) through V (cancer)
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45
Q

dysplasia

A

change in growth, shape or number of cells

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46
Q

lapar/o

A

abdominal wall (laparoscopy)

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47
Q

amenorrhea

A

absence or menstrual flow when it is expected

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48
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

painful menstruation

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49
Q

menorrhagia

A

excessive flow during menstruation

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50
Q

metrorrhagia

A

bleeding from uterus at time other than menstruation

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51
Q

cystocele

A

cyst/o - bladder, cele - hernia

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52
Q

endometriosis

A

tissue resembling endometrium found abnormally in various other locations in pelvic cavity

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53
Q

fistula

A

abnormal, tubelike passage between two internal organs

54
Q

hysteroptosis

A

prolapse of uterus

55
Q

myoma

A

common benign fibroid tumor of uterine muscle

56
Q

vesic/o

57
Q

-ptosis

A

prolapse or sagging

58
Q

premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

A

syndrome of nervous tension, weight gain, deems, irritability, etc. before menstruation

59
Q

In vitro fertilization (IVF)

A

method of fertilizing ova outside of body using spermatozoa in dish before playing in uterus for implantation

60
Q

contraception

A

any process of technique for preventing pregnancy

61
Q

female and male sterilization

A

tubal ligation and vasectomy

62
Q

coitus

A

sexual union of opposite genders where penis inserted into vagina

63
Q

contraceptive

A

used to prevent contraception or pregnancy

64
Q

spermicides

A

placed in vagina to kill sperm

65
Q

-rrhaphy

66
Q

conization of cervix

A

excision of cone of tissue from cervix to remove lesion or for biopsy

67
Q

dilation and curettage

A

surgical procedure that expands the cervical opening so uterine wall can be scraped (endometrium)

68
Q

endometrial ablation

A

destruction of think layer of uterus to stop heavy menstruation

69
Q

hysterectomy

A

removal of uterus

70
Q

radical hysterectomy

A

removal of uterus, cervix, ovaries, uterine tubes, lymph nodes

71
Q

zygote

A

fertilized ovum

72
Q

extraembryonic membranes

A

amnion and chorion; form around embryo during pregnancy

73
Q

placenta

A

structure through which fetus gains nourishment during pregnancy

74
Q

HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin

A

hormone produced within few days of fertilization

75
Q

human embryonic stage

A

2 weeks after conception - end of week 8 (then fetal stage)

76
Q

ectopic pregnancy

A

when embryo implants outside uterus

77
Q

neonate

A

newborn infant up to 6 weeks of age

78
Q

obstetrics

A

branch of medicine specializing in care of women during pregnancy and birth

79
Q

obstetrician

A

specialist in obstetrics

80
Q

gestation

A

pregnancy - period form conception to birth

81
Q

ante- and postpartum

A

before and after birth

82
Q

par/o

A

baring of offspring

83
Q

-para

A

woman who has given birth

84
Q

unipara, secundipara, tripara, nullipara

A

number of viable births (not # of kids)

85
Q

gravida

A

pregnant (does not mean actually health birth)

- gravida I, II, or III (# of times pregnent)

86
Q

cesarean section

A

surgical removal of fetus from uterus

87
Q

cephalic presentation

A

head down through birth canal

88
Q

breech presentation

A

butt, knees, or feet first through birth canal

89
Q

shoulder presentation

A

transverse / sideways

90
Q

abruptio placentae

A

separation of placenta from uterine wall after 20 weeks of pregnancy or during labor

91
Q

amniocentesis

A

puncture amnionic sac to remove fluid for testing (genetic disorders, etc.)

92
Q

chorionic villus sampling

A

sampling placental tissue for genetic disorders

93
Q

Down syndrome

A

congenital condition with mild to severe retardation (3 chromosome 21)

94
Q

episiotomy

A

surgical procedure to enlarge vaginal opening for delivery

95
Q

erythroblastosis fetalis (aka hemolytic disease)

A

anemia od newborns characterized by premature destruction of RBCs resulting from maternal blood group incompatibility

96
Q

fetal monitoring

A

assessment of fetus in utero (heartbeat)

97
Q

placenta previa

A

abnormal implantation of placenta over covering of uterine cervix opening

98
Q

mammogram

A

use of radiography to study breast

99
Q

lumpectomy / mastectomy

A

removal or lump pr breast; treatment of breast cancer

100
Q

mamm/o

101
Q

mast/o

102
Q

-pexy

A

surgical fixation

103
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

104
Q

testes (testicle)

A

male gonad; produces sperm

105
Q

prepuce

A

fold of skin covering the glans penis

106
Q

epididymis

A

where sperm are stored after production by testes

107
Q

scrotum

A

pouch of skin containing testes and epididymis

108
Q

ductus deferens / vas deferens

A

from epididymis to abdominopelvic cavity

109
Q

bulbourethral glands

A

contribute alkaline, mucus-like substance to semen

110
Q

seminal vesicles

A

serve as reservoir for semen until discharged; ex. prostate

111
Q

anorchidism

A

absence of 1 or both testes

112
Q

aspermia

A

absence of sperm in semen

113
Q

benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH)

A

nonmalignant, noninflammatory enlargement of prostate, common in old men

114
Q

cryptorchidism

A

undescended testicles (failure to descend before birth)

115
Q

hydrocele

A

accumulation of fluid in sac-like cavity (e.g. scrotum)

116
Q

intersexuality

A

chromosome abnormality where both testicular and ovarian elements are present in same person

117
Q

gon/o

A

genitals or reproduction

118
Q

orchi/o, orchid/o

119
Q

test/o, testicul/o

120
Q

pen/o

121
Q

prostat/o

122
Q

scrot/o

123
Q

semin/o

124
Q

ser/o

125
Q

spermat/o

A

spermatozoa (sperm)

126
Q

urethr/o

127
Q

vas/o

A

vessel or duct

128
Q

testicular torsion

A

axial rotation of spermatic cord; cuts blood supply to testes

129
Q

circumcision

A

surgical removal of end of foreskin that covers head of penis

130
Q

vasectomy

A

removal of all or segment of vas deferent for sterilization

131
Q

vasovasostomy

A

vas deferens

Medical Terminology (9 decks)

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