Reproductive System Flashcards
1
Q
gonads
A
organs that produce reproductive cells (testes and ovaries)
2
Q
spermatozoa
A
sperm
singlular: spermatozoon
3
Q
ova
A
egg
singular: ovum
4
Q
reproductive organs (particularly external)
A
genitalia (genitals)
5
Q
gynecology
A
study of diseases of female reproductive organs
6
Q
cervic/o
A
cervix (can also mean neck); neck of uterus
7
Q
colp/o
A
vagina
8
Q
vagin/o
A
vagina
9
Q
gynec/o
A
female
10
Q
hyster/o
A
uterus
11
Q
uter/o
A
uterus
12
Q
metr/o (metr/i)
A
uterine tissue
13
Q
oophor/o
A
ovary
14
Q
ovar/o
A
ovary
15
Q
salping/o
A
uterine tube (fallopian tube)
16
Q
vulv/o
A
vulva (external genitalia)
17
Q
-cidal
A
killing
18
Q
cyst/o
A
bladder, cyst, or sac
19
Q
vesic/o
A
bladder, cyst, or sac
20
Q
genit/o
A
genitals
21
Q
men/o
A
month
22
Q
-plasia
A
development or formation
23
Q
rect/o
A
rectum
24
Q
urethr/o
A
urethra
25
urin/o
urine
26
mons pubis
pad of fat tissue and thick skin that overlies front of pubic bone
27
labia minora
smaller, inner skin folds
28
labia majora
larger, outer skin folds
29
urethra
opening from bladder
30
uterine tubes / fallopian tubes
transport ova from ovaries to uterus
31
fetus
time in utero after first 8 weeks
32
uterine
pertaining to the uterus
33
cervix uteri
lower, narrow part of uterus that leads to vagina
34
vagina
canal that connects internal and external genitalia
35
endometrium
tissue forming lining of uterus
36
myometrium
thick, muscular tissue of uterus
37
perimetrium
membrane that surrounds uterus
38
ovulation
release of ova
39
two key woman hormones
estrogen and progesterone
40
menstruation
discharge of bloody fluid from uterus at regular intervals (menses)
41
menopause / climacteric
end of women's reproductive period
42
vaginal speculum
used to spread orifices for inspection
43
cytology
study of cells
44
Pap (Papanicolaou) smear
```
collects cells
- class I (normal) through V (cancer)
```
45
dysplasia
change in growth, shape or number of cells
46
lapar/o
abdominal wall (laparoscopy)
47
amenorrhea
absence or menstrual flow when it is expected
48
dysmenorrhea
painful menstruation
49
menorrhagia
excessive flow during menstruation
50
metrorrhagia
bleeding from uterus at time other than menstruation
51
cystocele
cyst/o - bladder, cele - hernia
52
endometriosis
tissue resembling endometrium found abnormally in various other locations in pelvic cavity
53
fistula
abnormal, tubelike passage between two internal organs
54
hysteroptosis
prolapse of uterus
55
myoma
common benign fibroid tumor of uterine muscle
56
vesic/o
bladder
57
-ptosis
prolapse or sagging
58
premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
syndrome of nervous tension, weight gain, deems, irritability, etc. before menstruation
59
In vitro fertilization (IVF)
method of fertilizing ova outside of body using spermatozoa in dish before playing in uterus for implantation
60
contraception
any process of technique for preventing pregnancy
61
female and male sterilization
tubal ligation and vasectomy
62
coitus
sexual union of opposite genders where penis inserted into vagina
63
contraceptive
used to prevent contraception or pregnancy
64
spermicides
placed in vagina to kill sperm
65
-rrhaphy
suture
66
conization of cervix
excision of cone of tissue from cervix to remove lesion or for biopsy
67
dilation and curettage
surgical procedure that expands the cervical opening so uterine wall can be scraped (endometrium)
68
endometrial ablation
destruction of think layer of uterus to stop heavy menstruation
69
hysterectomy
removal of uterus
70
radical hysterectomy
removal of uterus, cervix, ovaries, uterine tubes, lymph nodes
71
zygote
fertilized ovum
72
extraembryonic membranes
amnion and chorion; form around embryo during pregnancy
73
placenta
structure through which fetus gains nourishment during pregnancy
74
HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin
hormone produced within few days of fertilization
75
human embryonic stage
2 weeks after conception - end of week 8 (then fetal stage)
76
ectopic pregnancy
when embryo implants outside uterus
77
neonate
newborn infant up to 6 weeks of age
78
obstetrics
branch of medicine specializing in care of women during pregnancy and birth
79
obstetrician
specialist in obstetrics
80
gestation
pregnancy - period form conception to birth
81
ante- and postpartum
before and after birth
82
par/o
baring of offspring
83
-para
woman who has given birth
84
unipara, secundipara, tripara, nullipara
number of viable births (not # of kids)
85
gravida
pregnant (does not mean actually health birth)
| - gravida I, II, or III (# of times pregnent)
86
cesarean section
surgical removal of fetus from uterus
87
cephalic presentation
head down through birth canal
88
breech presentation
butt, knees, or feet first through birth canal
89
shoulder presentation
transverse / sideways
90
abruptio placentae
separation of placenta from uterine wall after 20 weeks of pregnancy or during labor
91
amniocentesis
puncture amnionic sac to remove fluid for testing (genetic disorders, etc.)
92
chorionic villus sampling
sampling placental tissue for genetic disorders
93
Down syndrome
congenital condition with mild to severe retardation (3 chromosome 21)
94
episiotomy
surgical procedure to enlarge vaginal opening for delivery
95
erythroblastosis fetalis (aka hemolytic disease)
anemia od newborns characterized by premature destruction of RBCs resulting from maternal blood group incompatibility
96
fetal monitoring
assessment of fetus in utero (heartbeat)
97
placenta previa
abnormal implantation of placenta over covering of uterine cervix opening
98
mammogram
use of radiography to study breast
99
lumpectomy / mastectomy
removal or lump pr breast; treatment of breast cancer
100
mamm/o
breast
101
mast/o
breast
102
-pexy
surgical fixation
103
-plasty
surgical repair
104
testes (testicle)
male gonad; produces sperm
105
prepuce
fold of skin covering the glans penis
106
epididymis
where sperm are stored after production by testes
107
scrotum
pouch of skin containing testes and epididymis
108
ductus deferens / vas deferens
from epididymis to abdominopelvic cavity
109
bulbourethral glands
contribute alkaline, mucus-like substance to semen
110
seminal vesicles
serve as reservoir for semen until discharged; ex. prostate
111
anorchidism
absence of 1 or both testes
112
aspermia
absence of sperm in semen
113
benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH)
nonmalignant, noninflammatory enlargement of prostate, common in old men
114
cryptorchidism
undescended testicles (failure to descend before birth)
115
hydrocele
accumulation of fluid in sac-like cavity (e.g. scrotum)
116
intersexuality
chromosome abnormality where both testicular and ovarian elements are present in same person
117
gon/o
genitals or reproduction
118
orchi/o, orchid/o
testes
119
test/o, testicul/o
testes
120
pen/o
penis
121
prostat/o
prostate
122
scrot/o
scrotum
123
semin/o
semen
124
ser/o
serum
125
spermat/o
spermatozoa (sperm)
126
urethr/o
urethra
127
vas/o
vessel or duct
128
testicular torsion
axial rotation of spermatic cord; cuts blood supply to testes
129
circumcision
surgical removal of end of foreskin that covers head of penis
130
vasectomy
removal of all or segment of vas deferent for sterilization
131
vasovasostomy
vas deferens
