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Medical Terminology > Musculoskeletal System_Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal System_Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

hematopoiesis

A

blood production

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2
Q

-poiesis

A

production

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3
Q

orthopedics

A

branch of medicine involved in prevention and correction of deformities or issues with musculoskeletal system

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4
Q

functions of musculoskeletal system

A

protection, support, movement, formation of blood cells, bone marrow storage of fat, storage and release of minerals

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5
Q

rachi/o

A

spine

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6
Q

spondyl/o

A

vertebrae

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7
Q

cervic/o

A

cervical vertebrae

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8
Q

coccyg/o

A

coccyx

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9
Q

tars/o

A

tarsals (in feet)

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10
Q

calcane/o

A

calcaneus (heal bone)

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11
Q

metatars/o

A

metatarsals

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12
Q

osteoid

A

resembling bone

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13
Q

calcification

A

process by which organic tissue becomes harder by deposits of calcium

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14
Q

sutures

A

immovable fibrous joints in skull

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15
Q

fontanels

A

spaces covered by tough membranes between soft spots of skull

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16
Q

Cranial bones of skull

A

parietal - back, big
occipital - back, lower
temporal - side
frontal - front, big
sphenoid - anterior to occipital, behind eye
ethmoid - anterior to sphenoid, in eye socket

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17
Q

facial bones of skull

A

maxilla - upper jaw

mandible - lower jaw

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18
Q

rach/i

A

spine

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19
Q

spin/o

A

spine

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20
Q

intervertebral discs

A

layers of cartilage b/t vertebrae

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21
Q

lumbago

A

dull, aching back

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22
Q

coccyx

A

four fused coccygeal bones

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23
Q

myel/o

A

either spinal cord or bone marrow

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24
Q

myelitis

A

inflammation of either spinal cord or bone marrow

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25
myelofibrosis
replacement of bone marrow by fibrous tissue
26
myeloencephalitis
inflammation of brain and spinal cord
27
3 parts of pelvis (separate bones at birth)
ilium, ischium, pubis
28
phalanges (phalanx)
bone of fingers and toes
29
tarsus
ankle
30
ankyl/o
stiff
31
arthr/o
articulation, joint
32
-asthenia
weakness
33
cellul/o
little cell or compartment
34
chondr/o
cartilage
35
meta-
change or next in series
36
-sarcoma
malignant tumor of connective tissue
37
ten/o
tendon
38
tend/o
tendon
39
tendin/o
tendon
40
three types of muscle tissue
cardiac (heart), smooth (visceral or involuntary), skeletal (voluntary)
41
articulation
place between two bones (joint)
42
synovial joints
joints with cavities b/t articulating bones
43
bursae (bursa)
sacs of fluid in areas of friction
44
fibromyalgia
widespread non articular pain of the torso, extremities, and face
45
myofibrosis
tissue replaced by fibrous tissue
46
myasthenia gravis
fatigue and muscle weakness resulting from defect in conduction of nerve impulses
47
myocele
muscle protrudes through fascia covering
48
sprain
injury to a joint that causes pain and disability
49
strain
excessive use of a part of the body to the extent of injury
50
paraplegia
paralysis of lower portion of the body and both legs
51
quadriplegia
paralysis of arms and legs (aka tetraplegia)
52
paresis
motor weakness or partial paralysis
53
paraparesis
partial paralysis of lower limbs
54
cellulitis
acute, spreading inflammation of subcutaneous tissue
55
myocellulitis
acute, spreading inflammation of subcutaneous tissue and muscle
56
sarcoma
cancers that arise from connective tissues, such as bone or muscle
57
leukemia
chronic or acute disease of blood-forming tissues characterized by unrestricted growth of leukocytes
58
multiple myeloma
disease characterized by the presence of many tumor masses in the bone and bone marrow
59
osteomalacia
characterized by a defect in the mineralization of bone (deficiency in vitamin D)
60
osteitis deformans (Paget disorder)
skeletal disease of older persons characterized by chronic bone inflammation
61
malacia
abnormal softening
62
spondylomalacia
softening of the vertebrae
63
osteoporosis
metabolic disease where reduced bone mass leads to fractures
64
Dowager's hump
abnormal curvature of spine often seen with osteoporosis; caused by multiple fractures in thoracic vertebrae
65
spinal bifida
congenital abnormality; defective closure of bones of spine (can have spinal cord hernia)
66
kyphosis
hump back (excessive flexion of thoracic vertebrae)
67
muscular dystrophy
group of inherited diseases characterized by weakness, atrophy (wasting) of muscle without involvement of nervous system
68
tarsoptosis
flat foot (tars/o = ankle, -ptosis = prolapse)
69
osteoarthritis
called degenerative joint disease (DJD) - form of jt disease when joints undergo degenerative changes (loss of cartilage)
70
arthr/o
joint
71
rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
common connective tissue disease; chronic, systemic disease that results in jt deformities (particularly hands and feet)
72
rheumatism
general term for conditions characterized by inflammation, soreness, and stiffness in muscles and pain in joints)
73
ankylosis
abnormal condition where jt is immobile and still
74
arthralgia
painful joint
75
arthrodynia
painful joint
76
lupus erythematosus (LE)
autoimmune disease involving connective tissue - butyl rash on nose bridge
77
gout
painful metabolic disease; form of acute arthritis (inflamed joints - foot or knee)
78
hyperuricemia
causes gout; deposits of rates in and around joints
79
arthroscopy
direct visualization of the interior of a jt using fiberoptic endoscope, called arthroscope
80
arthrotomy
incision of a joint
81
arthropathy
disease of joint
82
antiinflammatories
used to reduce inflammation and pain (e.g. aspirin and ibuprofen)
83
antiarthritics
various forms of therapy that relieve symptoms of arthritis
84
arthrocentesis
removal of synovial fluid from joint space
85
arthroplasty
surgical replacement of joint
86
myelosuppression
inhibition of production of blood from marrow; caused by cancer treatments

Medical Terminology (9 decks)

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