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Medical Terminology > Musculoskeletal System_Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal System_Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

hematopoiesis

A

blood production

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2
Q

-poiesis

A

production

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3
Q

orthopedics

A

branch of medicine involved in prevention and correction of deformities or issues with musculoskeletal system

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4
Q

functions of musculoskeletal system

A

protection, support, movement, formation of blood cells, bone marrow storage of fat, storage and release of minerals

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5
Q

rachi/o

A

spine

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6
Q

spondyl/o

A

vertebrae

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7
Q

cervic/o

A

cervical vertebrae

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8
Q

coccyg/o

A

coccyx

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9
Q

tars/o

A

tarsals (in feet)

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10
Q

calcane/o

A

calcaneus (heal bone)

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11
Q

metatars/o

A

metatarsals

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12
Q

osteoid

A

resembling bone

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13
Q

calcification

A

process by which organic tissue becomes harder by deposits of calcium

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14
Q

sutures

A

immovable fibrous joints in skull

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15
Q

fontanels

A

spaces covered by tough membranes between soft spots of skull

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16
Q

Cranial bones of skull

A

parietal - back, big
occipital - back, lower
temporal - side
frontal - front, big
sphenoid - anterior to occipital, behind eye
ethmoid - anterior to sphenoid, in eye socket

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17
Q

facial bones of skull

A

maxilla - upper jaw

mandible - lower jaw

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18
Q

rach/i

A

spine

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19
Q

spin/o

A

spine

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20
Q

intervertebral discs

A

layers of cartilage b/t vertebrae

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21
Q

lumbago

A

dull, aching back

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22
Q

coccyx

A

four fused coccygeal bones

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23
Q

myel/o

A

either spinal cord or bone marrow

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24
Q

myelitis

A

inflammation of either spinal cord or bone marrow

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25
Q

myelofibrosis

A

replacement of bone marrow by fibrous tissue

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26
Q

myeloencephalitis

A

inflammation of brain and spinal cord

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27
Q

3 parts of pelvis (separate bones at birth)

A

ilium, ischium, pubis

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28
Q

phalanges (phalanx)

A

bone of fingers and toes

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29
Q

tarsus

A

ankle

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30
Q

ankyl/o

A

stiff

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31
Q

arthr/o

A

articulation, joint

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32
Q

-asthenia

A

weakness

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33
Q

cellul/o

A

little cell or compartment

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34
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

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35
Q

meta-

A

change or next in series

36
Q

-sarcoma

A

malignant tumor of connective tissue

37
Q

ten/o

38
Q

tend/o

39
Q

tendin/o

40
Q

three types of muscle tissue

A

cardiac (heart), smooth (visceral or involuntary), skeletal (voluntary)

41
Q

articulation

A

place between two bones (joint)

42
Q

synovial joints

A

joints with cavities b/t articulating bones

43
Q

bursae (bursa)

A

sacs of fluid in areas of friction

44
Q

fibromyalgia

A

widespread non articular pain of the torso, extremities, and face

45
Q

myofibrosis

A

tissue replaced by fibrous tissue

46
Q

myasthenia gravis

A

fatigue and muscle weakness resulting from defect in conduction of nerve impulses

47
Q

myocele

A

muscle protrudes through fascia covering

48
Q

sprain

A

injury to a joint that causes pain and disability

49
Q

strain

A

excessive use of a part of the body to the extent of injury

50
Q

paraplegia

A

paralysis of lower portion of the body and both legs

51
Q

quadriplegia

A

paralysis of arms and legs (aka tetraplegia)

52
Q

paresis

A

motor weakness or partial paralysis

53
Q

paraparesis

A

partial paralysis of lower limbs

54
Q

cellulitis

A

acute, spreading inflammation of subcutaneous tissue

55
Q

myocellulitis

A

acute, spreading inflammation of subcutaneous tissue and muscle

56
Q

sarcoma

A

cancers that arise from connective tissues, such as bone or muscle

57
Q

leukemia

A

chronic or acute disease of blood-forming tissues characterized by unrestricted growth of leukocytes

58
Q

multiple myeloma

A

disease characterized by the presence of many tumor masses in the bone and bone marrow

59
Q

osteomalacia

A

characterized by a defect in the mineralization of bone (deficiency in vitamin D)

60
Q

osteitis deformans (Paget disorder)

A

skeletal disease of older persons characterized by chronic bone inflammation

61
Q

malacia

A

abnormal softening

62
Q

spondylomalacia

A

softening of the vertebrae

63
Q

osteoporosis

A

metabolic disease where reduced bone mass leads to fractures

64
Q

Dowager’s hump

A

abnormal curvature of spine often seen with osteoporosis; caused by multiple fractures in thoracic vertebrae

65
Q

spinal bifida

A

congenital abnormality; defective closure of bones of spine (can have spinal cord hernia)

66
Q

kyphosis

A

hump back (excessive flexion of thoracic vertebrae)

67
Q

muscular dystrophy

A

group of inherited diseases characterized by weakness, atrophy (wasting) of muscle without involvement of nervous system

68
Q

tarsoptosis

A

flat foot (tars/o = ankle, -ptosis = prolapse)

69
Q

osteoarthritis

A

called degenerative joint disease (DJD) - form of jt disease when joints undergo degenerative changes (loss of cartilage)

70
Q

arthr/o

71
Q

rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

A

common connective tissue disease; chronic, systemic disease that results in jt deformities (particularly hands and feet)

72
Q

rheumatism

A

general term for conditions characterized by inflammation, soreness, and stiffness in muscles and pain in joints)

73
Q

ankylosis

A

abnormal condition where jt is immobile and still

74
Q

arthralgia

A

painful joint

75
Q

arthrodynia

A

painful joint

76
Q

lupus erythematosus (LE)

A

autoimmune disease involving connective tissue - butyl rash on nose bridge

77
Q

gout

A

painful metabolic disease; form of acute arthritis (inflamed joints - foot or knee)

78
Q

hyperuricemia

A

causes gout; deposits of rates in and around joints

79
Q

arthroscopy

A

direct visualization of the interior of a jt using fiberoptic endoscope, called arthroscope

80
Q

arthrotomy

A

incision of a joint

81
Q

arthropathy

A

disease of joint

82
Q

antiinflammatories

A

used to reduce inflammation and pain (e.g. aspirin and ibuprofen)

83
Q

antiarthritics

A

various forms of therapy that relieve symptoms of arthritis

84
Q

arthrocentesis

A

removal of synovial fluid from joint space

85
Q

arthroplasty

A

surgical replacement of joint

86
Q

myelosuppression

A

inhibition of production of blood from marrow; caused by cancer treatments

Medical Terminology (9 decks)

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