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Anatomy > Reproductive System > Flashcards

Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

The male homologue to the labia majora is the

A

scrotum

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2
Q

The female homologue to the glans penis is the

A

clitoris

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3
Q

Which of the following are borders of the perineum?

A

Pubic symphysis
Coccyx
Ischial tuberosities

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4
Q

Which of the following are alternative names for uterine tubes?

A

Fallopian tubes
Oviducts

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5
Q

The mammary glands contain ______ glands.

A

exocrine

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6
Q

Seminal fluid and sperm make

A

semen

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7
Q

The foreskin of the penis is called the ______.

A

prepuce

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8
Q

Which substance inhibits the development of the paramesonephric ducts?

A

Anti-Mullerian hormone

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9
Q

Which duct forms the majority of the female reproductive duct system?

A

Paramesonephric ducts

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10
Q

During development, the ________ duct forms most of the male reproductive duct system.

A

mesonephric or Wolffian

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11
Q

Define gonads

A

Primary sex organs– the ovaries and the testes

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12
Q

What are the female gametes?

A

Oocytes

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13
Q

How are the ovaries attached to the uterus?

A

Ovarian ligament

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14
Q

What are the ovaries held in place by?

A

Suspensory ligament

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15
Q

Broad ligament

A

Peritoneum draping uterus

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16
Q

Mesovarium

A

A peritoneum fold attaches each ovary to the posterior surface of the broad ligament

17
Q

Be able to label the different parts of the ovary

A

/

18
Q

What are the primary sex organs?

A

Gonads

Ovaries and testes

19
Q

Ovaries are attached to the uterus via the

A

ovarian ligament

20
Q

Ovaries are held in place by the

A

suspensory ligament

21
Q

Can you label the four parts of the uterine tube?

A

– Infundibulum
* Fimbriae
* Nearest ovary
* Not in contact with ovary

– Ampulla
* Middle region

– Isthmus
* Passage towards uterus

– Uterine part

22
Q

What are the supports for the uterus?

A

– Pelvic floor muscles (pelvic
diaphragm)
* Inferior support

– Round ligaments
* Attach to labia majora of vulva

– Transverse cervical ligaments
* Attach cervix to vagina

– Uterosacral ligaments
* Attach to sacrum

23
Q

Uterine wall layers

A
  • Perimetrium – outer layer
    – Visceral peritoneum
  • Myometrium - middle
    – Smooth muscle
    – Contracts during childbirth
  • Endometrium - inner
    – Mucosal lining
    – Simple columnar epithelium
    – Area where embryo imbeds
    – Two layers
    1. Functional layer
    2. Basal layer
24
Q

What are the three tunics of the vagina?

A
  • Outer adventitia
  • Middle muscularis
  • Inner mucosa

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous
epithelium. Highly vascular lamina propria.

25
Q

Testes

A

Produces gametes and sex hormones

Coverings
– Tunica vaginalis
– Tunica albugine

Sperm cells produced in seminiferous tubules

Sustentacular cells (Sertoli cells)
– Nourish sperm cells
– Release hormone inhibin when sperm numbers are high

Interstitial cells (Leydig cells)
– Between adjacent seminiferous tubules
– Produce testosterone

26
Q

Glans of penis

A

Contains erectile tissue that
stimulates sexual arousal and climax

27
Q

Body of penis

A

Contain erectile tissue that
stimulates sexual arousal and climax

28
Q

Scrotum

A

Protect and cover the testes.

The temperature must be 3 below core body temperature for optimal sperm production.

When it is cold: Cremaster muscle contracts to draw the testes closer to the body for warmth. Dartos muscle wrinkles the skin of the testes to conserve body heat

29
Q

Bulbourethral gland

A

Secretes mucin for lubrication

30
Q

Sperm produced in the testes travel along a system of ducts to reach the urethra

A

-epididymus
Allow sperm to mature
– 10-14 days
* Sperm movement in duct of
epididymis
– Sperm are not yet motile
– Smooth muscle
– Pseudostratified epithelium

-vas deferens

-ejaculatory duct

31
Q

Seminal vesicle

A

Supplies more than half of semen
– Fructose
* Energy source for sperm
– Prostaglandins
* Stimulate smooth muscle
– Fibrinogen
* “clots” semen to keep it in female
reproductive tract

32
Q

Prostate

A

Large single gland
* Provides materials for semen
– Slightly acidic
– Clotting enzymes
* Release motile sperm form clot
* Common male cancer site

33
Q

Penis shaft erectile bodies

A

Corpora cavernosa
– Paired
– Located dorsolaterally

Corpus spongiosum
– Single
– Ventral and along the midline
– Surrounds the spongy urethra
– Distal end continues within the glans

Anatomy (21 decks)

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