Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

mic cabatu Physiology > Reproductive Physiology > Flashcards

Reproductive Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

defined by Sex Chromosome

A

Genetic Sex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Defined by Presence of Ovaries /Testes

A

Gonadal Sex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Defined by characteristics of internal genital tract and external genitalia?

A

Phenotypic Sex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

internal Genital tract in Males

A

Prostate, Seminal Vesicles, Vas Deferens, Epididymis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Internal Genital Tract in Females

A

Fallopian Tube, Uterus, Upper 1/3 Vagina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

External Genital tract in Males

A

Scrotum, Penis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

External Genital tract in Females

A

Clitoris, Labia Minora & Majora, Lower 2/3 Vagina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

secreted by Sertoli Cells to cause atrophy of Mullerian ducts (FEMALE)

A

Antimullerian Hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

secreted by Leydig Cells for Growth of Wolffian duct (MALE)

A

testosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

which substance is suspected to initiate puberty?

A

Melatonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what conditions may inhibit the onset of puberty?

A

Stress, Malnutrition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the first event in puberty?

A

Males: Testicular Enlargement

Females: Breast Enlargement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

which hormone causes adrenarche (pubic hair, axillary hair development) in females?

A

Adrenal Androgens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

XY

A

male

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

XX

A

female

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Testosterone functions

A
  1. differentiation of epididymis, vas deferens & seminal vesicles
  2. descent of testes
  3. increased bone and muscle mass
  4. increases BMR
  5. Pubertal growth spurt
  6. epiphyseal closure
  7. growth of penis & seminal vesicles
  8. deepening of voice
  9. spermatogenesis
  10. negative feedback on anterior pituitary
  11. libido
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Dihydrotestosterone functions

A
  1. differentiation of penis, scrotum, and prostate
  2. male hair pattern
  3. male pattern baldness
  4. sebaceous gland activity
  5. growth of prostate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

for sperm production

A

Seminiferous Tubules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

for sperm maturation, motility

A

Epidydimis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

for sperm storage

A

vas deferens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

for sperm nutrition, etc. (FRUCTOSE, PROSTAGLANDIN)

A

Seminal Vesicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

for Semen Alkalinity (Spermine)

A

Prostate Gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

supplies Mucus

A

Urethral gland Bulbuurethral Glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Path of SEMEN

SEVEN UP

A 
S-eminiferous tubules
E-pididymis
V-as deferens
E-jaculatory duct
N-none
U-rethra
P-enis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

testes temperature

A

1-2 degree celcius cooler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

responsible for testes temperature

A

countercurrent exchange of the testicular vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

duration of spermatogenesis

A

64 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

sperm production per day

A

128 million

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

activation of sperm in the female genital tract for 4-6 hours

A

capacitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what is the Enzyme that convert androstenedione to testosterone?

A

17B-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what is the enzyme that convert testosterone to dihydrotestosterone?

A

5a reductase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what is the 5a-reductase inhibitor used for male pattern baldness and BPH?

A

Finasteride

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

granulosa cells

Theca Cells

A

Estrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Luteal Cells

A

Progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

stages of Male Sexual Act

A

erection
lubrication
orgasm
resolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

contracts vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate

A

Emission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

contracts bulbocsvernous, ischcavernous

A

ejaculation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

cell which determine Sex of a Baby

A

sperm cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

part of the sperm cell that contains hyaluronidase, proteolytic enzymes

A

acrosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

acrosome comes from which organelle?

A

Golgi Apparatus

41
Q

definition of Low Sperm Count

A

<20 million sperms/,;

42
Q

sequelae of Cryptorchidism

A

infertility

testicular CA

43
Q

loss of body hair, musculature, thick bones, decreased libido

A

Castration after puberty

44
Q

vestigial remnant of 3rd eye; secretes melatonin which is involve in reproduction and sex drive

A

Pineal Gland

45
Q

Primordial Follicle

A

Granulosa Cell

46
Q

Primary Follicle

A

Theca Interna

Theca Externa

47
Q

provides nourishment to ovum

secretes inhibiting factor to keep ovum in prophase

A

Granulosa Cells

48
Q

secrete estrogen & progesterone

A

Theca Interna

49
Q

becomes capsule of the follice

A

theca Externa

50
Q

it forms Corona Radiata and secrete estrogen-rich fluid(forms ANtrum)

A

Granulosa Cells

51
Q

secrete adrenal cortex & theca cells

52
Q

secreted by ovaries

53
Q

secreted by placenta

54
Q

enzyme that catalyzes conversion of Androstenodione -> Estrone & Testosterone -> Estradiol

55
Q

seen during reproductive years

56
Q

seen during pregnancy

57
Q

seen post-menopause

58
Q

secreted by the corpus luteum, placenta, adrenal cortex, testes

A

progesterone

59
Q

Estrogen Functions

A
  1. maturation of uterus, fallopian tubes, cervix, vagina
  2. breast development
  3. development of granulosa cells
  4. up-regulation of estrogen, progesterone, and LH receptors
  5. negative and positive feedback effects on FSH and LH secretion
  6. maintenaceof pregnancy
  7. lowering of uterine threshold to contractile stimuli
  8. stimulates prolactin secretion
  9. blocks action of prolactin on breast
  10. slightly increases BMR but causes fat deposition
  11. creates soft skin
  12. inhibits osteoclasts
60
Q

Progesterone Functions

A
  1. maintenace of secretory activity of uterus during luteal phase
  2. breast development
  3. negative feedback effects on FSH and LH secretion
  4. maintence of pregnancy
  5. raising uterine threshold to contractile stimuli during pregnancy
61
Q

will cause menses

A

corpus albicans

62
Q

trigger for menstruation

A

Progesterone

63
Q

estrogen predominates

A

Follicular/Proliferative Phase

64
Q

progesterone predominates

A

Luteal/Secretory Phase

65
Q

Endometrial Cycle

A

Proliferative
Secretory
Menses

66
Q

stromal & epithelial cells proliferate

cervical mucus: thin, stringy, (+) ferning

A

Proliferative Phase

67
Q

increased tortuosity of glands and blood vessels
increased lipid & glycogen in the stromal cells
Cervical Mucus: thick, non-elastic, (-) ferning

A

Secretory Phase

68
Q

due to cessation of Progesterone

(+) necrosis of endometrium, bleeding and desquamation

69
Q

Menstruation

A

Estrogen: dec
Progesterone: dec
FSH: dec
LH: dec

70
Q

Follicular Phase

A

Estrogen: inc
Progesterone: dec
FSH: inc
LH: dec

71
Q

Ovulation

A

Estrogen: inc
Progesterone: dec
FSH: inc
LH: inc

72
Q

Luteal phase

A

Estrogen: dec
Progesterone: inc
FSH: dec
LH: dec

73
Q

produced by ovarian granulosa cell and inhibits FSH secretion from anterior pituitary

74
Q

produced by ovarian granulosa cell and stimulates FSH secretion from anterior pituitary

75
Q

average age menarche,menopause

A

menarch: 13
menopause: 45

76
Q

number of lifetime mature follicles

A

400 follicles

77
Q

peak of sexual desire

A

just before ovulation

78
Q

helps in fertility

A

female orgasm

79
Q

fertilized ovum implanting on uterus

A

blastocyst

80
Q

number of hours eggs to be fertilized

81
Q

hours of sperms to be fertilized

82
Q

site of fertilization

A

Ampulla of oviduct

83
Q

cells of the blastocyst that digest and liquifies the endometrium for invasion

A

trophoblast

84
Q

nutrient-rich endometrium invaded by trophoblast

85
Q

provides nutrients by day 16

86
Q

produced by Syncitiotrophoblast

87
Q

prevents menstruation

causes growth of endometrium

A

Rescues corpus luteum

88
Q

produced by fetal adrenal gland

89
Q

produced by
corpus luteum in 1st trimester
placenta by 2nd & 3rd trimester

A

Progesterone

90
Q

AKA Human Chorionic Somatomammotropin

A

Human Placental LActogen

91
Q

Human Placental LActogen function

A
  1. promotes growth of the fetus
  2. promotes insulin resistance in the mother
  3. promotes Lipolysis from mother
  4. index of placental well-being
92
Q

physiologic changes in pregnancy

A 
weight gain - 24 pounds
BMR inc 15%
Nutrional demand - Iron, vit D, Vit K
CO inc 40%
blood volume - 30%
o2 usage - inc 20%
minute ventilation inc 50%
renal tubule reabsorptive capacity for Na, Cl, H2O inc 50%
GFR inc 50%
93
Q

lactation is maintained by

94
Q

lactation inhibit

95
Q

what stimulates growth of the male external genital organs

96
Q

what substance acts to stimulate Leydig cell production of testosterone in males?

97
Q

all of the following are functions of estrogen EXCEPT?

a. breast and genital development in females
b. female fat distribution
c. upregulation of estrogen, LH and progesterone receptors
d. increase sex hormone binding globulin
e. none

A

d. increase sex hormone binding globulin

98
Q

during the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle, what is the effect of estrogen on the pituitary?

A

negative feedback

99
Q

why does lactation not occur during pregnancy?

A

estrogen and progesterone block prolactin’s effects on the breast

mic cabatu Physiology (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions