Cell Physiology Flashcards
Contains DNA, Histones & Chromosomes
Has nucleolus
Nucleus
Powerhouse of the cell
Mitochondria
Involve in detoxification
lipid synthesis
Lipid-soluble substances -> water soluble substances
Agranular Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)
SER
Lipid synthesis
RER
Protein synthesis
For synthesis of proteins bound for the cell membrane, lysosomes, outside of the cell
RER ribosomes
For synthesis of proteins bound for the cytoplasm & mitochondria
Free - Floating Ribosomes
For packaging, molecular tagging, and synthesis of hyaluronic acid & chondrites sulfate
Golgi Apparatus
Contains pro enzymes, neurotransmitters and replenishes cell membrane components
Secretory Vesicles
For regression of tissues and Autolysis
Suicide bags of the cells
Destroys FBs
Lysosomes
Degrades membrane-associated proteins
Not membrane bound
Proteosomes
Contains oxidase so, catalases
For detoxification
Peroxisomes
Function of the nucleolus
Site of transcription & processing of rRNA
What is unique about the mitochondria
Contains mitochondrial DNA that is maternally-derived & does not follow the genetic code
Exclusive Biochemical Pathways: Beta-oxidation, Krebs cycle
RER & SER are abundant in which organ?
Liver
Prokaryotes
30s, 50s
Eukaryotes
40s, 60s
What do you call the specialized SER in the Skeletal muscle & specialized RER in the neuron?
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum & Nissl Substance respectively
The only substance modified in the RER & not the Golgi apparatus?
Collagen
What is added to lysosomes-bound proteins by Golgi Apparatus?
Mannose 6 phosphate
Wear-and-tear pigment that accumulates in lysosomes
Lipofuscin
Lysosomes come from which organelle?
Golgi apparatus
Peroxisome come from which organelle?
SER
Transport from center to periphery of the cell
Kinesin (Anterograde transport)
Transport from periphery to center Of the cell
Dynein (Retrograde Transport)
What is the functional unit of the gap junction?
Cone on
What do you call the movement of substances through the apical and basolateral sides?
Transcellular transport
What do you call the movement of substances between the cells through tight junctions?
Paracellular transport
Largest organ in the body
Liver