Reproductive L2 Flashcards
How many oocytes are released in woman’s lifetime?
~400
How many oocytes are released in woman’s lifetime?
~400
how is uterus connected to the ovary?
fallopian tube/ oviduct
What is the position of the uterus in respect to vagina?
90 degrees ( anteflexed uterus)- normal
retroflexed uterus
~20 % of women have it
can cause pain during menstruation
Vagina
-elastic muscular tube 7.5-9 cm extending from the cervix to the exterior of the body
what are the 3 main functions of the vagina?
- Through menstruation the endometrium comes off. Serves as a passageway for the elimination of menstrual fluid
- it receives the penis during sexual intercourse, and holds spermatozoa before they pass into the uterus
- Forms the lower portion of the birth canal through which the fetus passes during delivery
what are the 3 main functions of the vagina?
- Through menstruation the endometrium comes off. Serves as a passageway for the elimination of menstrual fluid
- it receives the penis during sexual intercourse, and holds spermatozoa before they pass into the uterus
- Forms the lower portion of the birth canal through which the fetus passes during delivery
Uterus structure
Fundus at the top, at the bottom-cervix. A plug of mucus blocks the entry of the sperm into the uterus. Cervix holds the baby in the uterus to avoid premature release into the vagina
uterus functions
-a pathway for sperm transport
-provides mechanical protection, nutritional support, and waste removal for the developing embryo and fetus. (through the placenta)
endometrium provides the optimal environment for embryo implantation
-Contractions in the muscular wall (myometrium) of the uterus are important in ejecting the fetus at the time of birth.
-Source of menstrual fluid
What is the name of the layer lost during menstruation?
stratum functionalis of endometrium
2 layers of the endometrium
Inner functional zone: stratum functionalis. Contains most of the uterine glands
Outer basilar zone: stratum basalis, adjacent to the myometrium. The basilar zone attaches the endometrium to the myometrium.
The uterine(fallopian) tubes
~ diameter of a drinking straw
-provides a rich, nutritive environment containing lipids and glycogen for spermatozoa, oocytes, and developing embryo
Sperm go up the uterine tube (by cilia and sperm tail).
The oocyte is picked up by Fimbriae( projections at the end of uterine tube-infundibulum). Cilia on fimbriae. The oocyte is then carried through the uterine tube.
The uterine tube is covered in cilia. Provide the ability to oocytes to move down. More cilia at the infundibulum end than closer to the uterus. Non-ciliated secretory cells provide nutrients to keep oocytes and sperm alive.
The uterine tube has concentric layers of smooth muscle. Peristaltic contractions allow movement of the oocyte.
What is the optimal place for fetilization to occur?
Ampulla of the uterine wall
Ectopic(tubal) pregnancy
embryo implanted into the uterine tube