Medsci. Brain L1

Question 1

The 4 lobes of the brain

Answer 1

Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal

Question 2

What is frontal association cortex responsible for?

Answer 2

intelligence
Personality
Behaviour
Mood
Cognitive function

Question 3

What is parietal association complex responsible for?

Answer 3

Spatial skills
3D recognition
-Shapes
-Faces
-Concepts
-Abstract perception

Question 4

What is temporal association cortex responsible for?

Answer 4

Memory
Mood
Aggression
Intelligence

Question 5

Which is the dominant hemisphere in humans?

Answer 5

Left

Question 6

What is the function of premotor cortex?

Answer 6

planning of movements & activities

Question 7

What is the function of precentral gyrus?

Answer 7

primary motor cortex. Movement

Question 8

What is the function of postcentral gyrus?

Answer 8

primary (somato) sensory cortex

Question 9

Function of lateral fissure

Answer 9

Separates the temporal lobe from frontal and parietal lobes

Question 10

Supramarginal gyrus function

Answer 10

reading

Question 11

Angular gyrus function

Answer 11

writing

Question 12

Where is Primary auditory cortex located?

Answer 12

temporal lobe

Question 13

Primary auditory cortex function

Answer 13

receiving input from cochlea. Interprets the tone of voice.
Tonotopic organisation

Question 14

Superior temporal gyrus location

Answer 14

Question 15

arcuate fasciculus

Answer 15

a bundle of axons(white matter) that connects the temporal cortex and inferior parietal cortex to locations in the frontal lobe

-connects Wernickes and Brocas areas

Question 16

Wernicke’s aphasia

Answer 16

Wernicke aphasia is characterized by impaired language comprehension. Despite this impaired comprehension, speech may have a normal rate, rhythm, and grammar.
The most common cause of Wernicke’s aphasia is an ischemic stroke affecting the posterior temporal lobe of the dominant hemisphere.

Impaired understanding

FLUENT aphasia

Question 17

Broca’s aphasia

Answer 17

It involves damage to a part of the brain known as Broca’s area. Broca’s area is responsible for speech production. People with Broca’s dysphasia have extreme difficulty forming words and sentences, and may speak with difficulty or not at all.

Understanding is NOT affected

NONFLUENT aphasia

Question 18

Connectional aphasia

Answer 18

The lack of connection between verbal input and response. Both areas work well separately but the connection is lost

Question 19

Connective aphasia

Answer 19

a fluent verbal response is not connected to the signal. Loss of meaning in communication

Question 20

Where is Wernicke’s area located?

Answer 20

primary auditory cortex in the temporal lobe

Question 21

Where is Broca’s area located?

Answer 21

premotor cortex inferior to Exener’s area

Question 22

Exner’s area location and function

Answer 22

located in the premotor cortex just above Broca’s area.
Responsible for hand movement planning.

Question 23

function of gyri

Answer 23

create more surface area for neurons. More cognitive ability

Question 24

Corpus collosum

Answer 24

white matter
carries information from one side of the brain to the other. Coordination of the 2 sides of the brain.

Question 25

cingulate gyrus

Answer 25

lies above corpus collosum
getting information to & from the brain

Question 26

Components of hindbrain

Answer 26

Pons
Medulla
Cerebellum

Question 27

where is primary visual cortex located?

Answer 27

the back of occipital lobe

Question 28

grey & white matter

Answer 28

grey: the neocortex. contains neuronal bodies
white: neuron axons

Question 29

functions of the secondary visual cortex

Answer 29

perception of complex visual information( e.g cardtricks)

Question 30

primary visual cortex function

Answer 30

organise visual data

Question 31

What is the function of arcuate fasciculus?

Answer 31

The arcuate fasciculus is a bundle of axons that connects the temporal cortex and inferior parietal cortex to locations in the frontal lobe. One of the key roles of the arcuate fasciculus is connecting Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas, which are involved in producing and understanding language.

Question 32

what are the components of the brainstem?

Answer 32

the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata

Question 33

what are the components of the hindbrain?

Answer 33

pons, cerebellum, and medulla oblongata.