Medsci. Brain L1 Flashcards
The 4 lobes of the brain
Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal
What is frontal association cortex responsible for?
intelligence
Personality
Behaviour
Mood
Cognitive function
What is parietal association complex responsible for?
Spatial skills
3D recognition
-Shapes
-Faces
-Concepts
-Abstract perception
What is temporal association cortex responsible for?
Memory
Mood
Aggression
Intelligence
Which is the dominant hemisphere in humans?
Left
What is the function of premotor cortex?
planning of movements & activities
What is the function of precentral gyrus?
primary motor cortex. Movement
What is the function of postcentral gyrus?
primary (somato) sensory cortex
Function of lateral fissure
Separates the temporal lobe from frontal and parietal lobes
Supramarginal gyrus function
reading
Angular gyrus function
writing
Where is Primary auditory cortex located?
temporal lobe
Primary auditory cortex function
receiving input from cochlea. Interprets the tone of voice.
Tonotopic organisation
Superior temporal gyrus location
arcuate fasciculus
a bundle of axons(white matter) that connects the temporal cortex and inferior parietal cortex to locations in the frontal lobe
-connects Wernickes and Brocas areas
Wernicke’s aphasia
Wernicke aphasia is characterized by impaired language comprehension. Despite this impaired comprehension, speech may have a normal rate, rhythm, and grammar.
The most common cause of Wernicke’s aphasia is an ischemic stroke affecting the posterior temporal lobe of the dominant hemisphere.
Impaired understanding
FLUENT aphasia
Broca’s aphasia
It involves damage to a part of the brain known as Broca’s area. Broca’s area is responsible for speech production. People with Broca’s dysphasia have extreme difficulty forming words and sentences, and may speak with difficulty or not at all.
Understanding is NOT affected
NONFLUENT aphasia
Connectional aphasia
The lack of connection between verbal input and response. Both areas work well separately but the connection is lost
Connective aphasia
a fluent verbal response is not connected to the signal. Loss of meaning in communication
Where is Wernicke’s area located?
primary auditory cortex in the temporal lobe
Where is Broca’s area located?
premotor cortex inferior to Exener’s area
Exner’s area location and function
located in the premotor cortex just above Broca’s area.
Responsible for hand movement planning.
function of gyri
create more surface area for neurons. More cognitive ability
Corpus collosum
white matter
carries information from one side of the brain to the other. Coordination of the 2 sides of the brain.
cingulate gyrus
lies above corpus collosum
getting information to & from the brain
Components of hindbrain
Pons
Medulla
Cerebellum
where is primary visual cortex located?
the back of occipital lobe
grey & white matter
grey: the neocortex. contains neuronal bodies
white: neuron axons
functions of the secondary visual cortex
perception of complex visual information( e.g cardtricks)
primary visual cortex function
organise visual data
What is the function of arcuate fasciculus?
The arcuate fasciculus is a bundle of axons that connects the temporal cortex and inferior parietal cortex to locations in the frontal lobe. One of the key roles of the arcuate fasciculus is connecting Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas, which are involved in producing and understanding language.
what are the components of the brainstem?
the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata
what are the components of the hindbrain?
pons, cerebellum, and medulla oblongata.
