Reproductive Flashcards
Testicles - combining form(s)
Orch/o, orchid/o, test/i, test/o
Ovaries - combining form(s)
Oophor/o, ovari/o
Uterus - combining form(s)
Hyster/o, metr/o, metri/o, uter/o
Fallopian Tubes - combining form(s)
Salping/o
-gravida
Pregnant
Perineum
The external surface region in both males and females between the pubic symphysis and the coccyx
Cryptochidism
Undescended testicle; a development defect in which one or both of the testicles fail to descend in their normal position
Orchitis
Testitis, the inflammation of one or both testicles
Azoospermia, Oligospermia, Hematospermia
The absence of sperm in the semen.
Low sperm count; sperm count below 20 million/mL.
The presence of blood in the seminal fluid.
Varicocele
A knot of widening varicose (abnormally swollen) veins in one side of the scrotum.
Orchiopexy
The repair of an undescended testicle. An endoscopic surgery performed on infants before the age of 1 year.
Follicle
A fluid-filled sac containing a single ovum (egg). There are thousands of these sacs on the inside surface of the ovaries.
Infundibulum
The funnel-shaped opening into the fallopian tube near the ovary.
Tissues of the Uterus
Perimetrium, Myometrium, and Endometrium.
Perimetrium, or uterine serosa, is the tough, membranous outer layer.
The myometrium is the muscular middle layer.
The endometrium is the inner layer, and it consists of specialized epithelial mucosa that is rich in blood vessels.
Chorion
The thin outer membrane that encloses the embryo. It contributes to the formation of the placenta.
Nulligravida, Nullipara, Primigravida, Primipara, Multiparous
Nulligravida - a woman who has never been pregnant.
Nullipara - a woman who has never borne a viable child.
Primigravida - a woman during her first pregnancy.
Primipara - a woman who has borne one viable child.
Multiparous - a woman who has given birth two or more times.
Effacement
Effacement occurs during the first stage of childbirth (parturition). A process in which the cervix prepares for delivery. It gradually softens, shortens, and becomes thinner.
Puerperium
The time from the delivery of the placenta through approximately the first 6 weeks after the delivery. By the end of this period, most of the changes in the mother’s body due to to pregnancy have resolved, and the body has reverted to the non-pregnant state
Lochia
The postpartum vaginal discharge that typically continues for 4 to 6 weeks after childbirth. It consists of primarily blood and mucus.
Oophoritis
Inflammation of an ovary. Frequently occurs when salpingitis (inflammation of a fallopian tube) or pelvic inflammatory disease are present.
Pelvic Inflammatory disease (PID)
Any inflammation of the female reproductive organs that is not associated with pregnancy or surgery. Most frequently occurs as a complication of a STD and can lead to infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and other serious disorders.
Pyosalpinx
An accumulation of pus in a fallopian tube.
Salpingitis
An inflammation of a fallopian tube.
Polycystic ovary syndrome
A condition caused by a hormonal imbalance in which the ovaries are enlarged by the presence of many cysts formed by incompletely developed follicles.
Cervical dysplasia
The presence of precancerous changes in the cells of the inner lining of the cervix. Can become malignant without early detection and treatment.
Colporrhexis
Tearing or laceration of the vaginal wall.
Colp/o - vagina
Dyspareunia
Pain during coitus.
Preeclampsia & Eclampsia
Preeclampsia - pregnancy-induced hypertension, characterized by hypertension, edema, and proteinuria
Eclampsia - a more serious form of preeclampsia, characterized by convulsions and sometimes coma. Treatment includes delivery of the fetus.
