Reproductive Flashcards
contains erectile tissue
Penis
deposits sperm into vagina of female
penis
A small pouch containing the testes
Scrotum
maintains testes at 30C lower than normal body temperature to protect sperm viability
Scrotum
Male gonads; produces sperm and hormones
Testes
small tubes inside the testes
Seminiferous tubule
Produce sperm cells
Seminiferous tubule
triggered by Testosterone
Seminiferous tubule
Sperm production (spermatogenesis
Testes
Sperm maturation
Epididymis
Long duct
Vas deferens
Gland fluids are combined to make semen
Ejaculatory duct
Sperm exits through this in a process called ejaculation
Urethra
mixture of sperm and accessory gland secretions
Semen
produces thick secretion and makes up 60% of semen.
Seminal vesicle
Made up of sugar and alkaline.
Seminal vesicle
secretes milky fluid to help activate sperm
Prostate gland
pea-sized gland that produces thick, clear mucus to cleanse urethra of acidic urine
Bulbourethral gland
Stimulates reproductive organ development
Testosterone
Underlies sex drive
Testosterone
Causes secondary sex characteristics
Testosterone
secondary sex characteristics
Deepening of voice
- Increasedhairgrowth
- Enlargement of skeletal muscles
- Thickening of bones
3 hormones that influence testosterone production:
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
Follicle-stimulatinghormone Luteinizinghormone
promotes production of sperm
Follicle-stimulatinghormone
stimulates production and secretion of testosterone
Luteinizinghormone
Luteinizinghormone
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (
Female gonads; Produce egg & estrogen
Ovaries
sac-like structure which contains the developing egg
Follicle
Oviduct/uterine tube
Fallopian tubes
Where the egg and sperm meet
Fallopian tubes
Attaching of egg to endometrium
Uterus
lining of uterus
Endometrium(Uterus)
Organ for copulation
Vagina
egg production oogenesis)
Ovary
Site of fertilization
Fallopian tube
Implantation
Uterus
serves as the birth
canal; receives the penis during sexual intercourse
Vagina
Estrogen produced by:
Produced by follicle cells
Caused secondary sex characteristics
Estrogen
secondary sex characteristics
- Enlargement of accessory organs -
Development of breasts - Appearance of pubic hair
- Increase in fat beneath the skin
- Widening and lightening of the pelvis
- Onset of menses
Progesterone produced by
• Produced by the corpus luteum
Progesterone Production continues until
Production continues until LH
diminishes in the blood
Thickens the uterine lining (endometrium) for implantation of fertilized egg
Progesterone
Helps maintain pregnancy
Progestero
Anterior pituitary gland releases follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) that ripens several follicles.
Follicular phase (days 1-13)
Release of mature egg cell from the
ripe follicle
- Triggered by the rise in luteinizing
hormone (LH)
Ovulation (day 14), LH spike
Formation of corpus luteum which secretes progesterone
Luteal phase (days 15-28)
Endometrium is shed off in the process called ?)
- This occurs when there is no fertilization of the egg cell
Menstrual phase (days 1-5)
Lining of uterus (endometrium) starts to
thicken
- Uterine glands multiply
Proliferative phase (days 6-13)
Thickening of the endometrium
- If egg is fertilized, this will be maintained by
the developing embryo by secreting human
Endometrium thickens and glands are secretory
chorionic gonadotropin hormone (hCG)
Secretory phase day 15-18
happens when a woman’s ovaries or adrenal glands produce more male hormones than normal
• May cause to skip menstrual periods and makes pregnancy difficult
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
(PCOS)
associated with chronic pain in the pelvis
when the kind of tissue that normally lines the uterus grows somewhere else
• This “misplaced” tissue can cause pain, infertility, and very heavy periods. The pain is usually in the abdomen, lower back, or pelvic areas.
Endometriosis
Trouble urinating
– Decreased force in the stream of
urine
– Blood in the urine
– Blood in the semen
– Bone pain
– Losing weight without trying
– Erectile dysfunction
Prostate cancer
sexual dysfunction characterized by the regular and repeated inability to obtain or maintain an erection.
Anything that hampers normal blood flow to the penis may, therefore, interfere with its potential to fill with blood and become erect
.
Specific causes of ED include both physiological (i.e. aging, tobacco smoking, diseases) and psychological causes (i.e. stress, anxiety or mental disorders).
Erectile Dysfunction
