Chemical Bonding

Question 1

What is chemical bond?

Answer 1

It is the force that holds two atoms together

Question 2

How are chemical bonds formed?

Answer 2

the attraction between the positive nucleus of
one atom and the negative electrons of another atom,
or by the attraction between positive
ions and negative ions

Question 3

the outer shell electrons that participate in chemical bonding

Answer 3

VALENCE ELECTRONS

Question 4

valence electrons are represented by dots around the symbol

Answer 4

LEWIS ELECTRON DOT STRUCTURE p

Question 5

Octet rule

Answer 5

• gaining, sharing or losing of electrons, in order to reach the
  stable valence electron configuration of the noble gases

Question 6

• electrostatic force that holds oppositely charged particles together
  in an ionic compound

Answer 6

IONIC BOND

Question 7

IONIC COMPOUNDS

Answer 7

atoms are held together by ionic bonds

electrons are transferred; forming atoms with stable configuration

Question 8

Monoatomic ions

Answer 8

contain only one atom which has either a positive
or a negative charge.

Question 9

Polyatomic ions

Answer 9

have two or more atoms which are either positively
or negatively charged.

Question 10

To name an ionic compound, follow the formula below:

Answer 10

name of cation + name of anion

Question 11

polyatomic anions in which a central atom is
surrounded by one to four oxygen atoms

Answer 11

Oxyanions -

Question 12

The name of the anion is derived from the name of the element
and given the suffix –.

Answer 12

ide

Question 13

Metallic bond

Answer 13

• a form of chemical bonding that arises from the electrostatic
  attractive force between conduction electrons

Question 14

• electrons form a sea of delocalized electrons that move freely
  about the positively-charged atoms

Answer 14

Metallic bond

Question 15

Factors affecting the strength of a metallic bond:

Answer 15

▪ total number of delocalized electrons
▪ magnitude of positive charge held by the metal cation
▪ ionic radius of the cation

Question 16

If an atom has more electrons that
can delocalize, a denser sea of
delocalized electrons and a stronger
force of attraction result.
o This cause metals to have higher
melting and boiling points, to
have the ability to be bent,
hammered and drawn into thin
wires.
o Electrons can move freely around
each other allowing them to
conduct heat and electricity.

Question 17

:
COVALENT BOND

Answer 17

• a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electrons to form electron
  pairs between atoms
• stable balance of attractive and repulsive forces between atoms

Question 18

Nonpolar covalent

Answer 18

Share e- equally

Question 19

Polar covalent

Answer 19

Partial trasfer of e-

Question 20

Ionic

Answer 20

Transfer e-

Question 21

Mostly ionic num

Answer 21

> 1.7

Question 22

polar covalent num

Answer 22

0.4-1.7

Question 23

Mostly covalent num

Answer 23

<0.4

Question 24

Nonpolar covalent num

Answer 24

0

Question 25

DIPOLE MOMENT

Answer 25

quantity that describes two opposite charges separated by a dstance