matter Flashcards
those which the substance shows by itself without interacting with another substance such as color, melting point, boiling point, density
physical properties
those which the substance shows as it interacts with, or transforms into, other substances such as flammability, corrosiveness
chrmical properties
depends upon how much matter is being considered. This property change when the amount of the substance changes.
extensive property
those which the substance shows as it interacts with, or transforms into, other substances such as flammability, corrosiveness
Chemical Properties
does not depend upon how much matter is being considered. This property does not depend on the amount of the substance.
intensive property
when a substance changes its appearance without changing its composition.
physical xhange
a transition of matter from one state to another.
phase change
also known as a chemical reaction.
chemical change
when a substance is transformed into another substance with a totally different composition and properties.
chemical change
change that is always accompanied by the formation of a new substance.
chemical change
the simplest type of substance with unique physical and chemical properties.
element
An element consists of how many types of atoms?
only one type
can an element be broken down into simpler substances ever?
only chemical. jk no
elements have been identified
•elements occur naturally on Earth
•elements have been created by scientists
118,94,24
(synthetic elements -
produced in nuclear reactions)
have high thermal and electrical conductivity.
metals
- mobile particles that can carry thermal or heat energy from one point of the material to another.
Thermal conductivity
charge cariers that are free to move and carry electrical charges from one point of the material to another.
electrical conductivity
allows metals to be rolled, flattened or hammered into sheets without breaking.
malleability
- allows metals to be drawn into wires.
ductility
metals reflect the light that strikes their surfaces, making them appear shiny.
luster
usually do not conduct heat and electricity very well.
nonmetals
They have little luster and seldom reflect light. are brittle, neither malleable nor ductile.
Nonmetals
They may be solid (such as carbon and sulfur), liquid (bromine) or gas (oxygen and nitrogen) at room temperature.
bonmetals
have properties intermediate between
metals and nonmetals.
metalloids
Because of their properties, ? like silicon and germanium are used in electronic industry aS semiconductors.
metalloids
Elements are composed
? kind o atom
one
conpounds have? atoms?
two or more
combination of two or
more pure substances in which each pure substance retain sits individual chemical properties.
mixture
a mixture that does not blend smoothv
throughout and in
which the
individual substances remain distinct.
hetero
a mixture that has
composition
throughout: it alwavs has a single
phase.
homo
This process separates the
parts or a mixture by hand
when the panicles are large enough to be seen cleariv.
mechanical
using dry mixture whIch contains substances of different sizes by passing Ir inrougn a
device holes.
Sifting or Seiving
one component of the mixture has magnetic properties, you could use c magnet to
separate ine
mixture.
Iron,
nickel, and
cobalt are a materials that are mooneic
magnetic
a process of separating
The
• solid-iquid components of mixtures by gently pouring out the liquid so as not to disturb the solids that readily settle at the bottom of the container.
decantation
uses a porous barrier
seperate asolid
Trom a liquid.
filteation
distribution of a solute in two immiscible solvents. A substance previously dissolved in a given solvent may be ‘extracted’ or removed by shaking the solution with another solvent where it is more soluble.
extraction
used for extraction
seperating funnel
solid changes to vapor without melting, i.e., without going through the liquid state.
sublimation
• It can be used to separate two solids present in a mixture when one of the solids sublimates but not the other.
sublimation
physical separation technique that is based on differences in the boiling points of the substances involved.
Distillation
The solution is heated, causing the evaporation of the
more
volatile
component; thus, separating it as a vapor which is changed back to liquid by cooling (condensation).
Distillation
allows the volatile liquid to escape, letting the solute particles to be collected on the surface of the container.
evap
used for evap
• It is usually carried out using an evaporating dish or porcelain dish.
The heat of the dish is sufficient for appreciable evaporation. Residue is the solid particle left in the dish.
separation technique that results in the formation of pure solid particles of a substance from a solution containing the dissolved substance.
Crystallization
a process of separating mixtures by encouraging different parts of the mixture to move through an absorbing material at different rates.
Chromatography
The process of separation in chromatography is due to ?
capillary action (the rising of the surface of a liquid in small tubes) and solubility.
speeds up the settling of the precipitate
Centrifugation
