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biology > Intermolecular Forces > Flashcards

Intermolecular Forces Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

THE KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY OF MATTER

A
  • explains the observable properties of the states of matter
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2
Q

Matter is made up of

A

tiny particles that are constantly moving

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3
Q

What particles hv energy?

A

All

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4
Q

What states has least energy?

A

Solid

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5
Q

State has most energy?

A

Gas

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6
Q

A phase changr occur as the

A

energy of particles is increased or
decreased.

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7
Q

High amnt of space

A

Gas

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8
Q

Least space

A

Solid

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9
Q

5- Atoms and molecules have ?between them

A

attractive forces

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10
Q

. The
larger the space, the ? the force of attraction.

A

weaker

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11
Q

Intra

A

Within

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12
Q

? force since there is
a bond that holds the two atoms
of the same molecule together.

A

intramolecular

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13
Q

attractive force that holds the
the atoms of two molecules
together.

A

Intermolecular

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14
Q

Intermolecular is ? Than intramolecular

A

Weaker

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15
Q

The strength of interaction between molecules determines the ?,

A

Properties of a substance

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16
Q

The strength of the interaction between molecules affects the ? and ?of compounds as well as the ? of one substance to another.

A

melting boiling point solubility

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17
Q

• It also causes the compound to exist in ? at a given temperature.

A

certain states of matter (solid, liquid or gas)

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18
Q

Three types of IMF exist in neutral molecules. They are collectively known as the “

A

van der Waals forces,

19
Q

Three types of IMF exist in neutral molecules. They are collectively known as the van der Waals forces, after the Dutch physicist ?

A

Johannes Diderik van der Waals

20
Q

These three types are presented in order of increasing strength:
• ?

A

London dispersion forces
• dipole-dipole interaction
• hydrogen bonding

21
Q

Londo Dispersion Forces inteoduced by

A

Fritz London

22
Q

Most ? substances exist as ? under ordinary conditions.

A

nopolar gas

23
Q

This is an indication that interaction between molecules of nonpolar substances is very ?.

A

weak

24
Q

London dispersion aka

A

It is also known as the instantaneous dipole-induced dipole interaction.

25
Q

• All ? compounds exhibit London dispersion forces.

A

covalent

26
Q

If is the weakest IMF.

A

London

27
Q

Although any single interaction
“, dispersion
many
Londoni
forces
creates
? force.

A

Weak, storng

28
Q

London example

A

Gecko

29
Q

Attractive forces between polar covalent molecules

A

Dipole dipole inhrraction

30
Q

Hydrogen bonding

A

hydrogen atom bonded to O, N, or F is electrostatically attracted to an O, N, F atom in another molecule.

31
Q

Hydrogen
atom
bonded to very electronegative atoms:

A
  • oxygen. nitrogen fluorine.
32
Q

strongest of the three types of IMF.

A

INTERMOLECULAR FORCES OF ATTRACTION
3. Hydrogen Bonding
• It is the

33
Q

The ? is held together by an extensive network of hydrogen bonds.

A

double helix of DNA

34
Q

are present in all covalent compounds.

A

London dispersion

35
Q

present only in polar compounds with a permanent dipole

A

Dipole dipole interactions

36
Q

occurs only in compounds that contain O-H, N-H, H-F bond.

A

Hydrogen bond

37
Q

Dipole moment

A

occurs when one atom is more electronegative than another

38
Q

Polar Molecule

A

the positive charge end will attract to the negative charge end

39
Q

Molecular Geometry

A

Molecular Geometry – the arrangement of the atoms of molecules in space;

40
Q

The ? of compounds are greatly affected by
their shape or geometry.

A

physical and chemical properties

41
Q

The ? can help determine the geometry of
molecules. One dot = one valence electron; One dash = one single bond

A

Lewis electron-dot structure

42
Q

Molecular Geometry – based on

A

ased on the VSEPR theory;

43
Q

electron pairs are arranged
around a central atom in a way that they can be as ?nas possible from
each other

A

far apart

44
Q

if
the shape of the molecule is symmetrical, it is polar or not?

A

Non

biology (35 decks)

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