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Pharmacology I > Reproduction II - Females > Flashcards

Reproduction II - Females Flashcards

1
Q

what does progesterone do regarding the surge nucleus and ovulation?

A

blocks surge nucleus
prevents ovulation

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2
Q

what’s another name for follicular cysts in cattle?

A

cystic ovary disease

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3
Q

describe follicular cyst etiology in cattle

A

caused by lack of synchrony between follicle maturation and LH surge
results in continuously high systemic estradiol levels due to persistent tertiary follicle

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4
Q

describe pathology of follicular cysts (early and chronic)

A

early - endometrial edema and cystic hyperplasia
chronic - mucometra, endometrial atrophy and squamous metaplasia, myometrial atony

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5
Q

GnRH indications in females

A

Tx follicular cysts in cows - labeled
synchronize cow estrus
ELDU in dogs

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6
Q

hCG indications in female

A

cow Tx follicular cysts - labeled
Dx dog ovary remnants
labeled for inducing estrus in pigs

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7
Q

GnRH and hCG cause artificial ___ surge

A

LH

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8
Q

Medroxyprogesterone acetate indications in female

A

all ELDU
suppress dog, cat, horse estrus
maintain luteal insufficiency in dogs

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9
Q

Medroxyprogesterone acetate ____ diestrus

A

prolongs
via increased progesterone levels

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10
Q

Progesterone indications

A

labeled uses - synchronize estrus in beef, dairy, heifer, sheep
ELDU in goats

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11
Q

Progesterone is ____ form of progestin

A

endogenous

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12
Q

Progesterone ____ diestrus

A

prolongs

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13
Q

Altrenogest indications

A

labeled - synchronize horse/sow estrus
ELDU - luteal insufficiency in pregnant dog/horse

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14
Q

Altrenogest activates ____ activity

A

microsomal (P450)

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15
Q

what reduces Altrenogest activity?

A

Rifampin
***so you would need to increase dose of Altrenogest

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16
Q

Altrenogest adverse effects

A

none

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17
Q

Altrenogest cautions

A

absorbed trandermally
**should NOT be handled by pregnant people, people on oral birth control

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18
Q

list the three progestin “flavor” drugs

A

Medroxyprogesterone acetate
Progesterone
Altrenogest

19
Q

PGF2a Tromethamine indications

A

LUTEAL cyst lysis!!!
labeled dairy cow abortion
induce swine birth
Tx pyometra in dairy cow
silent estrus in lactating dairy cow
labeled in horses for estrus induction
ELD in sheep/goat

20
Q

where is PGF2a Tromethamine metabolized?

21
Q

PGF2a Tromethamine adminostration

22
Q

PGF2a Tromethamine is an ___ form drug

A

endogenous

23
Q

what’s withdrawal time for PGF2a Tromethamine?

24
Q

PGF2a Tromethamine adverse effects in cattle

A

increase temperature
injection site infection

25
Q

PGF2a Tromethamine adverse effects in horse

A

decrease temperature
increase RR and HR
ataxia
abdomen pain
lying down

26
Q

PGF2a Tromethamine adverse effects in swine

A

pruritus
increased RR
abdomen muscle spasm (since causes birth)
ataxia
nesting
vocalize
salivation

27
Q

PGF2a Tromethamine contradindications

A

RAO
asthma
closed cervix
pyometra
interacts with other oxytocic agents

28
Q

describe the process of luteal cyst formation

A

follicular cyst grows -> destroy estradiol making cells -> progesterone maker stays in tact (CL) -> follicular cyst turns to make progesterone -> animal in state of anestrus

29
Q

which species are never sensitive to PGF2a during pregnancy?

A

dogs and cats
**can NOT use to abort

30
Q

when PGF2a be used in swine to abort or induce birth?

A

between days 10-12 and 113
**insensitive to PGF2a 10-12 d post-ovulation

31
Q

when can PGF2a be used to abort in sheep?

A

between day 4-6 post-ovulation and before day 50
*since CL switch to uterus on day 50

32
Q

describe the rules of PGF2a administration during pregnancy for:
dog
cat
pig
sheep
goat
cow
horse

33
Q

Cloprostenol sodium indications

A

ONLY labeled in cows
lysis of luteal cysts

34
Q

Cloprostenol sodium is ___ PGF2a

35
Q

describe the process of using CIDR implant to synchronize estrus

36
Q

Oxytocin indications

A

induce uterine contractions
Tx retained placenta (ELDU in horses, labeled in dog/cow/swine)
uterine involution
postpartum metritis

37
Q

Oxytocin causes uterine effects how long after administration?

A

immediately after IV

38
Q

Oxytocin must be administered before uterine ___

A

intertia
aka exhaustion

39
Q

describe the milk ejection reflex of Oxytocin

A

stim by suckling
spinal afferents activated by papillary duct stretch receptors

40
Q

describe the ferguson reflex of Oxytocin

A

spinal afferents activated by cervical stretch receptors

41
Q

Oxytocin acts on ___ cells

A

myoepithelial
IP3 and DAG release -> Ca release

42
Q

Oxytocin adverse effects

A

uterine cramps, discomfort, uterine rupture
**correct hypoglycemia or hypocalcemia BEFORE use
hypersensitivity

43
Q

Oxytocin contraindications

A

fetus abnormally positioned
cervico-pelvic disproportion
cervix not relaxed
primary uterine intertia

Pharmacology I (11 decks)

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