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Pharmacology I > Heart Failure Drugs > Flashcards

Heart Failure Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

what is acute HF?

A

NO warning
severe pulmonary edema

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2
Q

what is chronic HF?

A

pleural effusion
large volume ascites

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3
Q

what is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

A

impairs ventricle filling
Tx with ACEi

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4
Q

what is cardiac tampanode?

A

hole in ventricle so blood goes into pericardium

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5
Q

Furosemide indications

A

ACUTE HF
cardiogenic edema/effusion

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6
Q

Furosemide effect on PG synthesis and heart filling

A

increased PG synthesis -> dilate reservoir veins, decreased P on heart filling

*faster than removing fluid

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7
Q

adverse effect of Furosimide

A

excessive fluid loss

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8
Q

contraindications for Furosimide

A

chronic HF (cannot be only drug to Tx)

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9
Q

Spironolactone indications

A

CHRONIC HF
NOT acute

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10
Q

what type of diuretic is Spironolactone?

A

K sparing

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11
Q

Spironolactone adverse effects

A

excess K retention
GI disturbance
hyperkalemia when mixed with ACEi

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12
Q

Spironolactone contraindication

A

hyperkalemic pts
causes arrhythmia

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13
Q

thiazide diuretics (for HF) indications

A

pt’s that have become tolerant to furosemide
OR
adjunctive Tx to hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (HyPP) in horses

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14
Q

ACEi is a vaso___

A

DILATOR

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15
Q

ACEi indications

A

manage chronic HF
Tx systemic arterial hypertension
dog/cat
help slow down renal failure

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16
Q

most ACEi’s are ___

A

prodrugs

17
Q

ACEi adverse effects

A

hypotension (NO reflex tachy)
renal function deterioration
hyperkalemia

18
Q

what are the four ACEi’s to know by name

A

Enalapril
Benazepril
Lisinopril
Rampiril

19
Q

Pimobendan is a ___ sensitizer

A

Ca2+

20
Q

Pimobendan indications

A

dogs with HF from dilated CM or chronic mitral valve disease
USE WITH DIURETIC

21
Q

Pimobendan ___ myocardial contractions by ___ Ca2+ myofilament sensitivity

A

INCREASES BOTH

22
Q

Pimobendan effect on PDE, and how that affects cAMP and Ca2+

A

inhibits PDE _. increase cAMP -> increase betas -> dilation
increase Ca2+ influx -> stronger contraction

23
Q

Digoxin is a competitive ___ inhibitor

A

Na/K ATPase

24
Q

Digoxin indications

A

arrhythmia
atrial fibrillation due to DCM in DOBERMANS

25
Q

Digoxin effect on Ca2+, contractility

A

increases Ca, so increases contractility

26
Q

how does Digoxin effect baroreceptor?

A

baroreceptor sensitivity to increased vagal activity in HF

27
Q

Digoxin adverse effect

A

cardiac toxicity
sinus bradycardia
AV block
hypokalemia

28
Q

Dopamine and Dobutamine indications

A

myocardial failure
short term use for hypotension
Tx acute oliguric renal failure

29
Q

Dopamine and Dobutamine adverse effects

A

arrhythmia, increased myocardial O2 demand, tachycardia (since increases contraction)

30
Q

Dopamine receptors

A

DA > B > a

31
Q

Dobutamine is a ___ agonist

A

B1

Pharmacology I (11 decks)

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