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Pharmacology I > ANS Drugs > Flashcards

ANS Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Bethanecol

A

Direct M agonist

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2
Q

Neostigmine

A

Indirect Nm agonist

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3
Q

Pyridostigmine bromide

A

indirect Nm agonist

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4
Q

Atracurium besylate

A

Nm antagonist (reversible)

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5
Q

Atropine sulfate

A

M antagonist, competitive

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6
Q

Glycopyrrolate

A

M antagonist
synthetic atropine

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7
Q

Oxybutynin

A

M antagonist

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8
Q

Isoprotenerol

A

B1 and B2 agonist

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9
Q

Epinephrine

A

B2 > a1 agonist
also does B1

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10
Q

Norepinephrine

A

a1&raquo_space;> B1 agonit

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11
Q

Dopamine

A

DA > B1 > a1 agonist

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12
Q

Phenylephrine

A

a1 agonist

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13
Q

Dobutamine

A

B1 agonist

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14
Q

Albuterol, Clenbuterol, Terbutaline

A

B2 agonist

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15
Q

Phenylpropanolamine

A

mixed agonist
long term drug

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16
Q

Ephedrine sulfate

A

mixed agonist
based off pH

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17
Q

Prazosin

A

competitive a1 antagonist

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18
Q

Phenoxybenzamine

A

noncompetitive a1 antagonist

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19
Q

Atenolol

A

B1 antagonist

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20
Q

Esmolol

A

B1 antagonist

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21
Q

Metoprolol

A

B1 antagonist

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22
Q

Propanolol

A

B1 and B2 antagonist

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23
Q

Sotalol

A

B1 and B2 antagonist

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24
Q

Timolol

A

B1 and B2 antagonist

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25
M receptor locations
ALL parasympathetics (not innervated in vasculature) Sympathetics of sweat glands
26
a1 receptor locations
vasculature, GI, trigone of bladder, male genitalia, piloerector muscles
27
B1 receptor locations
HEART GI, bladder, kidney, uterus
28
B2 receptor locations
LUNGS some heart, skeletal vasculature, liver, pancreas, fat cells
29
Dopamine receptor locations
renal and mesenteric vasculature
30
a1 ___, while B2 and DA ___
a1 vasoconstricts B2 and DA vasodilate
31
M receptors are in ___ of heart
SA node
32
B1 receptors are in ___ of heart
ventricles why it affects both HR and contractility
33
Bethanecol indications Treats what?
GI and GU effects decreased bladder contractions GI (avoid) cecal displacement in cows and gastric ulcers in horse
34
Bethanecol adverse effects
overextension of therapeutic effect colic in horses
35
Main Bethanecol contraindications
Hypotension (bad if M receptor drug gets in bloodstream) Blocked urethra GI impaction Bradycardia (since this will decrease HR more)
36
Neostigmine indications
LABELED - GI/bladder atony in livestock Nm block reversal ELDU - DX Myasthenia syndrome
37
Neostigmine adverse effects
Cholinergic Crisis aka decrease BP/HR, vasodilate, bronchoconstrict, lots of urination
38
Pyridostigmine bromide indications
LABELED Myasthenia syndrome
39
Pyridostigmine bromide adverse effects
intussusception aka GI telescope due to enhanced GI motility tolerance may also occur
40
Atracurium besylate important information
Paralysis has specific order head and neck muscles -> tail muscles -> larger/limb muscles -> laryngeal, abdominal intercostals, deglutt -> respiratory muscles Spontaneous breakdown Reverse with Neostigmine NO PAIN RELIEF
41
Atropine sulfate indications
pre-anesthetic to decrease secretions sinus bradycardia SA arrest
42
Atropine sulfate adverse effects
dry mouth, less bronchial secretions, less GI motility, colic in horses, increase IOP, mydriasis
43
Oxybutynin indications
Detrusor (pee a lot) Hyperreflexia in dog and cat
44
Oxybutynin adverse effects
increase IOP (avoid in glaucoma pt) tachycardia, bronchodilate
45
Isoprotenerol indications
B1 bradycardia B2 bronchoconstriction
46
Isoprotenerol adverse effects
decrease BP (B2), tachycardia (B1), central effects
47
Why does Isoprotenerol decrease BP, but increase HR?
Baroreceptor reflex
48
Epinephrine LOW dose indications
asystole give every 2 min
49
Epinephrine LOW dose adverse effects
decrease BP, tachycardia acts like Isoprotenerol B2 > a1
50
Epinephrine HIGH dose indications
anaphylaxis (allergic reaction)
51
Epinephrine HIGH dose adverse effects
increase HR and contractility due to B2 a1 vasoconstricts, causing increased BP acts like Norepinephrine
52
Norepinephrine indication
hypotension
53
Norepinephrine adverse effects
hypertension (increased BP), bronchoconstrict slight B1 causes very slight increase HR
54
Dopamine indication
hypotension
55
Dopamine LOW dose effect
renal and mesenteric vessel dilation
56
Dopamine HIGH dose effect
increased heart function, vasoconstrict
57
Phenylephrine indications
hypotension (dec BP), opthalmic solution (cause mydriasis)
58
Phenylephrine adverse effects
reflex bradycardia (due to major BP increase), hypertension, colic, hemorrhage, necrosis
59
Dobutamine indications
ER drug for acute heart failure
60
Dobutamine adverse effects
tachyphylaxis within 48-72 hours aka rapid tolerance tachycardia, arrhythmia, seizures
61
Albuterol, Clenbuterol, Tertbutaline indication
bronchoconstriction
62
Albuterol, Clenbuterol, Tertbutaline adverse effects
increase HR and contractility, vasodilate, decrease BP
63
Phenylpropanolamine indication
long term for urinary incontinence
64
Phenylpropanolamine adverse effects
CNS, urine retention (fix dosing), tachycardia (B1/2), hypertension (a1) tachyphylaxis (since not infinite norepi amount in nerves, dec effect)
65
Phenylpropanolamine contraindications
MOST CONCERNED ABOUT B EFFECTS SINCE LONG TERM glaucoma (B increases IOP), cardiovascular disease, hyperthyroidism (hypertension)
66
Ephedrine indications
hypotension post-op in dogs and cats rarely for urinary incontinence (since meth precursor)
67
What is Ephedrine half life based on?
urine pH! t1/2 = 3hrs when pH = 5 t1/2 = 6hrs when pH = 6.3
68
Ephedrine adverse effects
same as Phenylpropanolamine CNS, urine retention (fix dosing), tachycardia (B1/2), hypertension (a1) tachyphylaxis (since not infinite norepi amount in nerves, dec effect)
69
Prazosin indications
urethrospasm (not peeing right), hypertension
70
Prazosin relaxes ___ and __
prosate trigone of bladder
71
Phenoxybenzamine indication
pheochromocytoma (adrenal tumor) since tumor releases lots of norepinephrine
72
Phenoxybenzamine adverse effects
hypotension!! reflex tachycardia, increased GI motility, miosis, increased IOP, inhibit ejaculation
73
List the B1 antagonists
Atenolol Esmolol Metoprolol
74
List the B1/B2 antagonists
Propanolol Sotalol Timolol
75
What do B antagonists treat?
cardiac arrhythmias
76
B antagonists adverse effects
bradycardia, bronchoconstriction, exercise intolerance, acute hypertension, chronic hypotension
77
Timolol indication
glaucoma
78
What do Metoprolol and Propanolol have in common?
mild local anesthetics

Pharmacology I (11 decks)

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