Reproduction | Fertilisation and development strategies

Question 1

Fertilization Definition

Answer 1

The process in which an egg cell and a sperm cell combine to form an embryo.

Question 2

External Fertilization Definition

Answer 2

Fertilization that occurs outside the bodies of the mating individuals, often in an aquatic environment.

Question 3

Advantages of External Fertilization

Answer 3

1. Parents don’t need to be in the same location.
2. Requires less energy to find a mate.
3. Large number of eggs are produced with little parental care.

Question 4

Disadvantages of External Fertilization

Answer 4

Lower chance of fertilization due to external environment, wasteful as many eggs may not get fertilized.

Question 5

Internal Fertilization Definition

Answer 5

Fertilization that occurs inside the body of one of the mating individuals.

Question 6

Advantages of Internal Fertilization

Answer 6

1. Higher chance of fertilization due to close proximity of gametes.
2. Less gametes need to be produced as they are closer together.

Question 7

Disadvantages of Internal Fertilization

Answer 7

Mating individuals need to be in the same location, more effort required to find a mate.

Question 8

Oviparous Definition

Answer 8

Animals that lay eggs with hard shells outside of the female’s body.

Question 9

Viviparous Definition

Answer 9

Animals that give birth to live young after nourishing them inside the female’s body.

Question 10

Ovoviviparous Definition

Answer 10

Animals that have eggs develop inside the female’s body, and the young are born live.

Question 11

Precocial Definition

Answer 11

Developmental strategy where offspring are born with the ability to move, see, and find food shortly after birth.

Question 12

Altricial Definition

Answer 12

Developmental strategy where offspring are born helpless, blind, and without fur or feathers, requiring parental care.