Meiosis 1 Flashcards
Meiosis Definition
Meiosis is a type of cell division distinct from mitosis.
Purpose of Meiosis
Its goal is to produce non-identical cells with half the genetic information.
How many stages does meiosis consist of ?
Meiosis consists of two stages: meiosis I and meiosis II.
Meiosis 1
In meiosis I, homologous pairs exchange genetic material through crossing over.
When does crossing over occur ?
Prophase 1
Crossing over definition
Involves the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes.
Synapis
Synapsis is the pairing of homologous chromosomes.
What are the paired chromosomes called ?
Bivalents
Metaphase I
Bivalents align randomly along the equator, leading to genetic diversity.
Independent assortment
Homologous pairs’ arrangement during metaphase I is random.
Anaphase I
Homologous chromosomes separate, moving toward opposite poles.
Recombinant chromosomes result from crossing over, containing mixed genetic material.
Telophase I
Cytoplasm divides via cytokinesis, forming two non-identical cells.
Each cell is haploid, with half the chromosome number of the original cell.
Meiosis II
Similar to mitosis but with haploid cells as starting material. Its purpose is to further separate sister chromatids, producing gametes.
Meiosis Overall
meiosis increases genetic diversity, crucial for evolution and adaptation.
It ensures genetic uniqueness in offspring.
