Protein Synthesis ( Transcription )

Question 1

Transcription Definition

Answer 1

Process of copying DNA code to create mRNA.

Question 2

Purpose of transcription

Answer 2

Prepare instructions for protein synthesis.

Question 3

DNA Code components

Answer 3

A, T, G, C (adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine).

Question 4

Order of nucleotides

Answer 4

Determines genetic information.

Question 5

Genes Definition

Answer 5

DNA segments that code for specific traits or characteristics.
Example: Each gene provides instructions for making a particular protein.

Question 6

Template Strand

Answer 6

The side of DNA used for copying during transcription.
Enzymes read the template to form complementary mRNA.

Question 7

Codon

Answer 7

Set of three nucleotides in mRNA.
Represents an amino acid or a start/stop signal.

Question 8

mRNA (Messenger RNA)

Answer 8

Result of transcription.
Carries genetic instructions from DNA to ribosome.

Question 9

Base Pairing (RNA)

Answer 9

• A-U (adenine-uracil) replaces A-T (adenine-thymine) in DNA.
• G-C (guanine-cytosine) pairing remains the same.

Question 10

Nuclear Pores

Answer 10

Openings in the nuclear membrane
mRNA exits nucleus through nuclear pores.

Question 11

Ribosome

Answer 11

Protein synthesis site.
Reads mRNA codons and assembles amino acids.