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Pharm 2 > repro / mens health (exam 2) > Flashcards

repro / mens health (exam 2) Flashcards

1
Q

androgen is the umbrella term for ____, ____, and _____

A

testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)

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2
Q

male sex hormones secreted by _____

A

testes

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3
Q

what is stimulated by LH to secrete testosterone

A

leydig cells in testes

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4
Q

what is primary androgen deficiency?

A

failure of testes

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5
Q

what is secondary androgen deficiency?

A

problem w/ hormones (pituitary/hypothalamus)

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6
Q

what is difficulty initiating or maintaining erection

A

erectile dysfunction

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7
Q

what is enlargement of the prostate?

A

BPH

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8
Q

what are the uses for androgens

A

-replacement therapy to treat hypogonadism and other androgen deficiencies
-establish secondary sex characteristics
-treat endometriosis and fibrocystic breast

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9
Q

adverse effects of androgens

A

-skin/hair acne/hair loss
-repro effects (inc. sex drive, dec. sperm)
-females grow facial hair and deeper voice

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10
Q

contraindications of androgens

A

P/L and liver disease

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11
Q

androgens increase the effect of ______ and ______

A

cyclosporin and warfarin

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12
Q

avoid taking androgens with _____

A

sulfonyureas

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13
Q

patients on androgen should track _____

A

weight

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14
Q

adverse effects of androgens / anabolic steroids

A

-CV effects
-CNS disorders
-repro disorders (small testicles)

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15
Q

what meds are used to treat ED and enhance erection?

A

phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor
“fils”

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16
Q

example phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor?

A

sildenafil (viagara)

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17
Q

pharmacokinetics of sildenafil?

A

-rapidly absorbed
-onset 20-40 mins with 4 hr duration

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18
Q

what meds have a vasodilatory effect on smooth muscle of corpus cavernosum to allow a harder and longer-lasting erection

A

phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (sildenafil)

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19
Q

what is sildenafil used for

A

-ED treatment
-pulmonary hypertension

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20
Q

adverse effects of sildenafil

A

HA
priapism

21
Q

Contraindications of sildenafil

A

-not healthy for sexual activity
-cardiac conditions medicated with nitrates

22
Q

considerations for sildenafil

A

-BP meds inc. chance of hypotension
-avoid nitrates

23
Q

education for sildenafil

A

-no nitrates
-don’t take more than 1 daily
-seek med attention if longer than 4 hours

24
Q

what meds are used if insufficient response or adverse effect from PDE5 inhibitors

A

adjuvant medication for ED

25
Q

what is an adjuvant medication for ED

A

alprostadil

26
Q

administration of alprostadil

A

injected intracavernosal into penis

27
Q

how long does it take for alprostadil to work

A

immediately

28
Q

effect of alprostadil

A

-relaxes cavernosal smooth muscle
-causes arterial dilation

29
Q

adverse reaction of alprostadil

A

-burning at injection
-prolonged erection
-fibrosis

30
Q

what meds are used to treat BPH

A

5-alpha reductase inhibitor (finasteride)

31
Q

what is an example of 5-alpha reductase inhibitor

A

finasteride

32
Q

how long does it take for finasteride full effect

A

6-12 months

33
Q

what med inhibits metabolism of testosterone

A

finasteride

34
Q

what med decreases proliferation of prostatic cells reducing enlargement of prostate

A

finasteride

35
Q

uses of finasteride?

A

-primary BPH treatment
-male pattern baldness (small doses)

36
Q

adverse effects of finasteride

A

-sexual effects
-gynecomastia
-dec. sperm

37
Q

contraindication of finasteride

A

pregnant women should not handle

38
Q

what should be monitered while on finasteride?

A

voiding (to see if BPH improves)

39
Q

what is used for the initial monotherapy of BPH

A

alpha1-adrenergic blockers (tamsulosin)

40
Q

what is the action of tamsulosin

A

-relax smooth muscle of prostate and bladder
-decreases contraction of vascular smooth muscle

41
Q

what med increases urination and reduces complications of BPH
works right away

A

tamsulosin

42
Q

adverse effect of tamsulosin

A

orthostatic hypotension

43
Q

contraindications of tamsulosin

A

P/L
hypotension

44
Q

give tamsulosin ____ meals

A

after

45
Q

can you crush tamsulosin

A

no

46
Q

take tamsulosin _____ mins after meal

A

30

47
Q

4 pts begin androgen therapy. nurse reviews each history and identifies which pts as able to start androgens
-taking cyclosporin
-taking warfarin
-taking sulfonylureas
-taking heparin

A

taking heparin
androgens increase effect of cyclosporin and warfarin, sulfonylureas should be avoided in combo with testosterone.

48
Q

which of the following pts. has sildenafil contraindicated?
-52 yr. t1 DM
-58 unstable angina
-69 asthma
-74 cirrhosis

A

58 unstable angina

Pharm 2 (10 decks)

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