Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharm 2 > local and general anesthetics (exam 3) > Flashcards

local and general anesthetics (exam 3) Flashcards

1
Q

with local anesthetics, what will be affected?

A

-temp
-touch
-proprioception
-muscle tone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is our example local anesthetic?

A

lidocaine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what anesthetic blocks nerve conduction, which blocks pain signal conduction

A

local anesthetic (lidocaine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are adverse effects of local anesthetic (lidocaine)

A

***increased effect with epinephrine
vary based on route
burning/pain at application site
n/v and shivers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are contraindications of local anesthetic (lidocaine)

A

cardiac abnormalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the methods of administration for local anesthetics?

A

topical, field block, nerve block

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what method of local anesthetic administration is ointment or drops to skin/mucous membranes

A

topical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are examples of topical anesthetics?

A

sunburn cream, sore throat spray, pain patches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what method of local anesthetic administration is a barrier around the surgical site?

A

field block

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

when would a field block local anesthetic be used?

A

tooth extraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what method of local anesthetic administration is blocking a large nerve plexus?

A

nerve block

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are examples of nerve block local anesthetic?

A

epidural, spinal block

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

topical anesthetics take how long to work?

A

20 mins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what do you have to monitor when using small doses of lidocaine?

A

cardiac system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is an important patient education for local anesthetics?

A

fall risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the rational for withholding drink after local anesthetic to mouth/throat?

A

prevent aspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is medication induced unconsciousness with loss of protective reflexes?

A

general anesthesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are the goals of general anesthesia?

A

-amnesia: memory loss
-analgesia: no pain
-hypnosis: unconsciousness
-immobility: muscle relax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

using several drugs to reach anesthetic goal

A

balanced anesthesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what are the 3 phases of general anesthesia?

A

1) induction
2) maintenance
3) emergence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what stage of general anesthesia is where the patient becomes unconscious

A

induction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what phase of general anesthesia is during the procedure?

A

maintenance

23
Q

what meds are given during the maintenance phase of general anesthesia?

A

anti-emetics, opioids, or neuromuscular blocking agents

24
Q

what phase of general anesthesia is where the procedure ends?

A

emergence

25
Q

what are the 5 drug classes for balanced anesthesia?

A

-benzodiazepines
-analgesics
-inhaled anesthetics
-IV anesthetics
-neuromuscular blocking agents

26
Q

what is our example inhaled anesthetic?

A

isoflurane

27
Q

which general anesthetic diffuses from the lungs, effecting neurotransmitters systemically

A

inhaled anesthetics (isoflurane)

28
Q

what general anesthetic is used for induction or maintenance of anesthesia?

A

inhaled anesthetics (isoflurane)

29
Q

what are adverse effects of inhaled anesthetics (isoflurane)?

A

**malignant hyperthermia
CV/resp depression
airway irritaion

30
Q

what is the antidote for malignant hyperthermia?

A

dantrolene

31
Q

what are contraindications of inhaled anesthetics (isoflurane)

A

history of familial malignant hyperthermia

32
Q

what is our example IV general anesthetic?

A

propofol

33
Q

what general anesthetic causes depression of CNS and blocks perception of pain

A

IV anesthetic (propofol)

34
Q

what general anesthetic is used for rapid induction of anesthesia (less than a minute)

A

IV anesthetic (propofol)

35
Q

what is the recovery time for IV anesthetic (propofol)

A

10 mins

36
Q

what are adverse effects of IV anesthetic (propofol)

A

pain and burning at IV site

37
Q

what are contraindications of IV anesthetic (propofol)

A

allergy to soy, egg, or preservatives

38
Q

what is our example neuromuscular blocking agent?

A

VECURONIUM, succinylcholine

39
Q

what is used to suspend nerve impulses leading to paralysis?

A

neuromuscular blocking agents (vecuronium)

40
Q

what is used to relax muscles during anesthesia
-also used during intubation and mechanical ventilation

A

neuromuscular blocking agents (vecuronium)

41
Q

what are adverse effects of neuromuscular blocking agents (vecuronium)

A

allergic reactions

42
Q

what are contraindications of neuromuscular blocking agents (vecuronium)

A

allergies

43
Q

what are the administration routes of neuromuscular blocking agents (vecuronium)

A

IVP or IV drip

44
Q

what is the onset of neuromuscular blocking agents (vecuronium)

A

3-5 mins

45
Q

what is the duration of neuromuscular blocking agents (vecuronium)

A

25-40 mins

46
Q

which adjuvant med for anesthesia is used to produce anesthesia, reduce anxiety, help sedation, and can cause hypnosis?

A

benzodiazepines (midazolam)

47
Q

what is our example benzodiazepine as used in anesthesia?

A

midazolam

48
Q

what is the antidote for midazolam (benzo)

A

flumazenil

49
Q

what is our example analgesic as used in anesthesia?

A

fentanyl

50
Q

what is our adjuvant anesthesia med that is 100x stronger than morphine used for analgesia

A

fentanyl

51
Q

what is the antidote for fentanyl

A

naloxone

52
Q

nurse in OR declares malignant hyperthermia emergency. which are symptoms of it?
-muscle rigidity
-bradycardia
-hypokalemia
-increased urine

A

muscle rigidity

53
Q

pt. coming for colonoscopy will have propofol for sedation. which allergies should nurse report?
-strawberries
-peanuts
-shrimp
-eggs

A

eggs

Pharm 2 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions