physiology of ANS&CNS (exam 3) Flashcards
what makes up the cns?
cerebrum
cerebellum
spinal cord
what makes up the pns?
cranial nerves
spinal nerves
ganglia
what is the grand central station with nerve cells?
reticular system
what is in the reticular system?
reticular formation
thalamus (eat, sleep, awake)
what electrolyte is involved in electrical impulses?
sodium
what electrolyte is released after sodium rushes in, it neutralizes it
potassium (k)
what electrolyte activates brain enzymes, when its decreased it causes confusion
magnesium
which electrolyte in excess causes neuro probs such as memory/attention
ammonia
what is the primary neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic NS?
acetylcholine
which neurotransmitter communicates between nerve and muscle, is primary in parasympathetic
acetylcholine
which neurotransmitter is primary in sympathetic NS
norepinephrine (epinephrine)
which neurotransmitter is coordination of impulses and responses, responsible for motor and intellectual functioning (parkinson’s)
dopamine
which neurotransmitter is inhibitory; prevents overexcitability and stimulation (seizures)
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
which neurotransmitter is responsible for sleep/arousal, prevents depression, and promotes motivation?
serotonin
which neurotransmitter acts on gastric acid cells and smooth muscle cells, is responsible for arousal, and regulates other neurotransmitters?
histamine
what are synonyms for sympathetic stimulation?
-sympathomimetic
-adrenergic!!!
-alpha adrenergic agonist
-beta adrenergic agonist
what are synonyms for parasympathetic stimulation?
-parasympathomimetic
-cholinomimetic
-cholinergic
what are synonyms for sympathetic inhibition?
-sympatholytic
-antiadrenergic
-alpha adrenergic antagonist
-beta adrenergic antagonist
what are synonyms for parasympathetic inhibition?
-parasympatholytic
-cholinergic blocking agent
-anticholinergic
T or F?
-stimulation of sympathetic nervous system causes the bladder to relax
true
what does sympathetic do?
-fight/flight
-dilate eyes
-increased force/rate of contraction
-increased rate/depth of resps
-decreased digestion/secretion
-inc. muscle glycogen breakdown (metab)
-increased BP/coagulation
what does parasympathetic do?
-rest/digest
-constrict eyes
-decreased force/rate of contraction
-decreased rate/depth of resps
-inc. digestion/secretion
-no muscle effect
-dec. BP
-inc. permeability
sympathetic and parasympathetic bladder fxm
symp = relaxed and remained closed
parasymp = constricted, open when ready
