physiology of ANS&CNS (exam 3) Flashcards

1
Q

what makes up the cns?

A

cerebrum
cerebellum
spinal cord

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2
Q

what makes up the pns?

A

cranial nerves
spinal nerves
ganglia

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3
Q

what is the grand central station with nerve cells?

A

reticular system

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4
Q

what is in the reticular system?

A

reticular formation
thalamus (eat, sleep, awake)

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5
Q

what electrolyte is involved in electrical impulses?

A

sodium

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6
Q

what electrolyte is released after sodium rushes in, it neutralizes it

A

potassium (k)

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7
Q

what electrolyte activates brain enzymes, when its decreased it causes confusion

A

magnesium

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8
Q

which electrolyte in excess causes neuro probs such as memory/attention

A

ammonia

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9
Q

what is the primary neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic NS?

A

acetylcholine

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10
Q

which neurotransmitter communicates between nerve and muscle, is primary in parasympathetic

A

acetylcholine

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11
Q

which neurotransmitter is primary in sympathetic NS

A

norepinephrine (epinephrine)

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12
Q

which neurotransmitter is coordination of impulses and responses, responsible for motor and intellectual functioning (parkinson’s)

A

dopamine

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13
Q

which neurotransmitter is inhibitory; prevents overexcitability and stimulation (seizures)

A

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)

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14
Q

which neurotransmitter is responsible for sleep/arousal, prevents depression, and promotes motivation?

A

serotonin

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15
Q

which neurotransmitter acts on gastric acid cells and smooth muscle cells, is responsible for arousal, and regulates other neurotransmitters?

A

histamine

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16
Q

what are synonyms for sympathetic stimulation?

A

-sympathomimetic
-adrenergic!!!
-alpha adrenergic agonist
-beta adrenergic agonist

17
Q

what are synonyms for parasympathetic stimulation?

A

-parasympathomimetic
-cholinomimetic
-cholinergic

18
Q

what are synonyms for sympathetic inhibition?

A

-sympatholytic
-antiadrenergic
-alpha adrenergic antagonist
-beta adrenergic antagonist

19
Q

what are synonyms for parasympathetic inhibition?

A

-parasympatholytic
-cholinergic blocking agent
-anticholinergic

20
Q

T or F?
-stimulation of sympathetic nervous system causes the bladder to relax

A

true

21
Q

what does sympathetic do?

A

-fight/flight
-dilate eyes
-increased force/rate of contraction
-increased rate/depth of resps
-decreased digestion/secretion
-inc. muscle glycogen breakdown (metab)
-increased BP/coagulation

22
Q

what does parasympathetic do?

A

-rest/digest
-constrict eyes
-decreased force/rate of contraction
-decreased rate/depth of resps
-inc. digestion/secretion
-no muscle effect
-dec. BP
-inc. permeability

23
Q

sympathetic and parasympathetic bladder fxm

A

symp = relaxed and remained closed
parasymp = constricted, open when ready