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Pharm 2 > pain meds and anesthesia (exam 3) > Flashcards

pain meds and anesthesia (exam 3) Flashcards

1
Q

a sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage

A

pain

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2
Q

what kind of pain is r/t tissue injury

A

nociceptive

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3
Q

where is somatic nociceptive pain

A

bone/muscle/joint

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4
Q

where is visceral nociceptive pain

A

heart/liver

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5
Q

what is pain produced by the nerves?

A

neuropathic pain

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6
Q

what is an example of peripheral neuropathic pain?

A

diabetes

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7
Q

what is an example of central neuropathic pain?

A

stroke

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8
Q

what is the pain pathway?

A

site of injury -> spinal cord -> brainstem -> cerebrum

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9
Q

is pain subjective or objective?

A

subjective

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10
Q

when is the FLACC pain scale used?

A

in children 7 or younger

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11
Q

what drugs relieve moderate to severe pain by blocking pain signals from reaching the brain and inhibiting prostaglandins

A

opioid analgesics

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12
Q

what are drugs from different classes that change pain and help reduce opioid use?

A

multimodal therapy

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13
Q

what is our example opioid agonist?

A

MORPHINE SULFATE
codeine, fentanyl, hydromorphone

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14
Q

what med binds to pain receptors in the brain to block pain impulse?

A

opioid agonist (morphine sulfate)

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15
Q

what is the use of opioid agonist (morphine sulfate)

A

prevent or relieve moderate to severe pain

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16
Q

what is the onset of IV opioid agonist (morphine sulfate)

A

10-20 min

17
Q

what is the onset of PO opioid agonist (morphine sulfate)

A

60 min

18
Q

what are adverse effects of opioid agonist (morphine sulfate)?

A

resp depression, cns depression, constipation

19
Q

what is the BBW for opioid agonist (morphine sulfate)?

A

resp failure if used in combo with benzos or other CNS depressants
-risk for abuse and dependence

20
Q

contraindication for opioid agonist (morphine sulfate)

A

respiratory compromise, liver/kidney disease, increased ICP/head injury

21
Q

what is the reversal agent for opioid agonist (morphine sulfate)

A

naloxone

22
Q

what is the push rate for opioid agonist (morphine sulfate)

A

5 ml/5 mins

23
Q

what happens when opioid agonist (morphine sulfate) administration leads to a respiratory rate below 8?

A

naloxone administration is needed

24
Q

what kind of diet while taking opioid agonist (morphine sulfate)

A

high fiber, lots of water

25
Q

what is our example opioid agonist/antagonist

A

butorphanol

26
Q

which med activates some receptors and also blocks some, leading to pain blocking with less potential for abuse

A

opioid agonist/antagonist (butorphanol)

27
Q

what is used second line for moderate-severe pain, labor pain, and perioperatively

A

opioid agonist/antagonist (butorphanol)

28
Q

adverse effects of opioid agonist/antagonist (butorphanol)

A

CNS depression, resp depression, risk of abuse and dependence

29
Q

contraindications for use of opioid agonist/antagonist (butorphanol)

A

use of opioid agonist (blocks relief)

30
Q

T or F?
-you can combine opioid agonist/antagonist (butorphanol) with opioid agonists (morphine)

A

false

31
Q

what is our example opioid antagonist?

A

naloxone

32
Q

what med reverses analgesia and displaces opioids at the receptor site?

A

opioid antagonist (naloxone)

33
Q

what are adverse effects of opioid antagonist (naloxone)

A

immediate withdraw symptoms

34
Q

opioid antagonist (naloxone) only reverses… ?

A

opioid agonists

35
Q

why may people need multiple doses of opioid antagonist (naloxone)

A

short half life

36
Q

what is the IV onset of opioid antagonist (naloxone)

A

2 minutes

37
Q

what is the intranasal onset of opioid antagonist (naloxone)

A

8 minutes

38
Q

what is important to regularly assess with a patient on morphine?

A

respirations

39
Q

a man is difficult to arouse after IV morphine sulfate. his resps = 7. which is priority?
-place nasal cannula
-administer naloxone
-increase IV fluid rate
-place in semi-fowlers

A

administer naloxone

Pharm 2 (10 decks)

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