Repro 5

Question 1

Wheree do the female gonads stop theri descent?

Answer 1

The pelvis

Question 2

How are the ovaries supplied with blood?

Answer 2

Direct branches of the abdominal aorta

Question 3

How are the ovaries drained of blood?

Answer 3

R&L ovarian vein

Question 4

From where do the ovarian veins arise respectively?

Answer 4

R - IVC

L - left renal vein

Question 5

What are the main parts of the uterus? From top to bottom please
Hint: 4

Answer 5

Uterine tube
Fundus
Body
Cervix

Question 6

How many peritoneal pouches have an anatomical relationship with the uterus and what are they called?

Answer 6

2 - anterior and posterior

Question 7

What are the correct names for the anterior and posterior pouches surrounding the uterus?

Answer 7

Anterior - Uterovesical

Posterior - Pouch of douglas

Question 8

What are the posterior fornices of the vagina?

Answer 8

The most superior parts of the vagina on each side and behind the cervix

Question 9

What are the paramesonephrics?

Answer 9

A pair of ducts opening cranially to connect to the urogenital sinus caudally

Question 10

What condition is needed for the persistance of the paramesonephric ducts?

Answer 10

Lack of MIH

Question 11

What is the fate of the paramesonephric ducts in women?

Answer 11

They fuse at the midline creating a broad transverse fold draped in peritoneum

Question 12

What will the paramesnephric ducts become?

Answer 12

The uterus

Question 13

What is the broad ligament?

Answer 13

A peritoneal fold in the female pelvis creating a mesentery of the uterus, uterine tube and ovary

Question 14

What is the round ligament?

Answer 14

A continuation of the ligament of the ovary

Question 15

What is the embryological origin of the round ligament?

Answer 15

The gubernaculum

Question 16

Breifly describe the position of the round ligament

Answer 16

It is attached to the ovary and labium majus and travels through the inguinal canal

Question 17

What is the name given to the angle of the vagina in the situ?

Answer 17

Anteverted

Question 18

What is the name given to the angle of the cervix in situ?

Answer 18

Antiflexed

Question 19

Name the parts of the uterine tube

Hint: 5

Answer 19

Abdominal ostium
Fimbria
Infundibulum
Ampulla
Isthmus

Question 20

What are the functions of the uterine tube?

Hint: 2

Answer 20

To conduct oocytes into the uterine cavity

It is usually the site of fertilisation

Question 21

What difference between the uterine cavity and the uterine tubes has clinical significance and why?

Answer 21

The tube has a different lining

Increases severity of consequaneces of ectopic pregnancy

Question 22

What difference between male and female with regards to the peritoneum has cinical significance and why?

Answer 22

In the female, the peritoneal cavity is open via the ostium of teh uterine tube
This presents a risk of peritonitis

Question 23

What is the transverse cervical ligament and what is its function?

Answer 23

A thickening at the base of the broad ligament providing lateral stability to the cervix

Question 24

What are the uterosacral ligaments?

Answer 24

Fibrous tissue extending from the rectouterine folds to attach to the front of the sacrum

Question 25

What are the functions of the uterosacral ligaments? | Hint: 2

Answer 25

Oppose the anterior pull of the round ligament | Aid in maintenance of anterversion

Question 26

What are the main arteries supplying the female genitalia? | Hint: 4

Answer 26

Ovarian Uterine Vaginal Internal pudendal

Question 27

What is the ovarian artery a branch of?

Answer 27

Abdominal aorta

Question 28

What is the uterine artery a branch of?

Answer 28

Anterior division of the internal iliac

Question 29

What is the internal pudendal artery a branch of?

Answer 29

Anterior division of internal iliac

Question 30

What nodes are involved in lymphatic drainage of the uterus? | Hint: 5

Answer 30

``` Paraaortic External iliac Internal iliac Sacral Ingunial ```

Question 31

To which nodes does the ovary drain?

Answer 31

Paraaortic

Question 32

Which nodes drain the fundus of the uterus?

Answer 32

Paraaortic & inguinal

Question 33

Which nodes drain the body of the uterus?

Answer 33

External iliac

Question 34

Which nodes drain the cervix?

Answer 34

External & internal iliac | Sacral

Question 35

What are the labia majora?

Answer 35

The relativley large outer folds of the vulva

Question 36

What do the labia majora enclose?

Answer 36

The pudendal cleft

Question 37

What are the labia minora?

Answer 37

The smaller inner folds of the vulva

Question 38

What do the labia minora enclose? | Hint: 3

Answer 38

The vestibule of the vagina, its bulbs and the clitoris

Question 39

What is within the vestibule of the vagina? | Hint: 4

Answer 39

The orifices of the urethra and vagina | The greater and lesser vestibular glands

Question 40

What is the correct name for the greater vestibular glands?

Answer 40

Bartholin glands

Question 41

What are the two common problems with the greater vestibular glands?

Answer 41

Bartholintitis | Bartholin gland cyst

Question 42

What is culdocentesis?

Answer 42

Procedure for obtaining peritoneal fluid accumulated in the recto-uterine pouch

Question 43

What is used in a culdocentesis?

Answer 43

A needle and syringe

Question 44

Where is the needle inserted in a culdocentesis?

Answer 44

Through the vaginal wall into the pouch of douglas

Question 45

What is the innervation of the vagina?

Answer 45

1st 5th - pudendal nerve | Remainder - uterovaginal plexus

Question 46

What is the innervation of the femal perineum?

Answer 46

Pudendal & ilioinguinal nerves

Question 47

Breifly describe the course of the pudendal nerve | Hint: 3 steps

Answer 47

Exits pelvis via greater sciatic foramen Enters perineum via lesser sciatic foramen Travels trhough pudendal canal

Question 48

What is the pelvic floor?

Answer 48

Muscular and fibrous tissue diaphragm

Question 49

Where is the pelvic floor?

Answer 49

In the lower part of the pelvic canal

Question 50

What are the (anatomical) functions of the pelvic floor? | Hint: 4

Answer 50

Fills the lower part of the pelvic canal Closes the abdominal cavity Defines the upper border of the perineum Supports the pelvic organs

Question 51

Which structures pierce the pelvic floor?

Answer 51

Urethra, vagina, rectum