Head & Neck 6 Flashcards
Name the four relevant structures relating to the lacrimal gland and be sure of their location
Lacrimal canal
Lacrimal sac
Nasolacrimal Duct
Inferior meatus of nasal cavity
Name, from the top clockwise (if viewed from the front), the bones involved in forming the orbit
Hint: 6
Frontal Ethmoid Lacrimal Maxilla Zygomatic Sphenoid (more back and centre)
Boundary time. Apex of the orbit please.
Optic canal
Roof of the orbit?
Hint: 2
Frontal and sphenoid bones
Lateral wall of the orbit?
Hint: 2
Zygomatic and sphenoid bones
Medial wall of the orbit?
Hint: 4
Ethmoid, maxillary, lacrimal and sphenoid bones
Base of the orbit? Hint: 2
Maxillary and zygomatic bones
Name the three most important openings at the back of the orbit
Optic Canal (obviously)
Superior Orbital Fissure
Inferior Orbital Fissure
Name the contents of the optic canal
Hint: 2
Optic nerve
Opthalmic artery
List the contents of the superior orbital fissure
Hint: 2 and 4
Superior and inferior opthalmic veins Oculomotor nerve [III] Abducens nerve [VI] Opthalmic nerve [V1] Trochlear nerve [IV]
What branches of the opthalmic nerve pass through the inferior orbital fissure?
Lacrimal, frontal and nasocilliary
How many layers can it be said the eye has? What are they?
3; outer fibrous layer, middle vascular layer and inner layer
What strucutres comprise the outer fibrous layer of the eye?
Hint: 2
Cornea
Sclera
What structures comprise the middle vascular layer of the eye?
Hint: 3
Iris
Ciliary Body
Choroid
What is the choroid of the eye?
A vascular layer of connective tissue providing the nutrients ot the rest of the eye
What is the function of the suspensory ligaments of the eye?
To relax and contract the lens of the eye to focus on objects near and far
What and where is teh blind spot?
Aka the optic disc, it is the point of the eye where the optic nerve leaves in the optic canal and therefore there are no rods or cones present
What is the name given to the examination of the eye?
Fundoscopy
What is the fovea?
The area of the retina with the highest concentration of cone cells
What is the macula of the eye?
The dark area in the retina surrounding and including the fovea
How is it possible to determine which eye is being looked at from a micrograph?
The optic disc is medial to the nose
What change is seen in the eye with raised intracranial pressure?
A raised optic disc
How does retinal detachment occur? How is it treated?
Strong impact to the head e.g. in contact sports
Can be reattached by surgery if caught quick enough
What feature of the optic nerve is clinically relevant meningitis?
Its envelopment in the three layers of mater
This means inflammation of the meninges causes photophobia
