Reported Speech - Direct and Indirect Flashcards
Reporting/Verb Tense Rules
Present simple/perfect = one change
- Imperative > Imperfect subj
Preterite/imperfect/past perfect = change
- Perfection remains
- Present Simp > Imperfect
- Pret > Pluperfect
- Future > Conditional
- Imperative > Imperfect Subj
Still no changes:
- Imperfect > Imperfect
- Conditional > Conditional
- Pluperfect > Pluperfect
Pronouns
She said: “I don’t want your book”
She said that she didn’t want my book.
1st > 3rd
2nd > 1st
Ella dijo: “No quiero tu libro”
Ella dijo que no quería mi libro.
Reporting Verbs
to assert, add, announce, assure, comment, confess, answer, say, declare, exclaim, explain, insist, deny, ask (sfs), ask (info), promise, complain, want (to know), remind, sustain
afirmar, añadir, anunciar, asegurar, commentar, confesar, contestar, decir, declarar, exclamar, explicar, insistir, negar, pedir, preguntar, prometer, quejarse, querer (saber), recordar, sostener
She said: “I’m sick”
She said she was sick
Ella dijo: “Estoy enferma”
Ella dijo que estaba enferma
Present - Imperfect
She said: “I’m feeling sick”
She said that she was feeling sick
Ella dijo: “Me estoy sintiendo enferma”
Ella dijo que se estaba sintiendo enferma
Present Progressive - Past Progressive
She said: “I have felt sick”
She said that she had felt sick
Ella dijo : “Me he sentido enferma”
Ella dijo que se había sentido enferma
Present Perfect - Past Perfect
She said: “I’ve been feeling sick”
She said that she had been feeling sick
Ella dijo : “Me he estado sintiendo enferma”
Ella dijo que se había estado sintiendo enferma
Present Perfect Progressive - Past Perfect Progressive
She said: “I felt sick”
She said that she had felt sick
Ella dijo: “Me sentí enferma”
Ella dijo que se había sentido enferma
Past Simple - Past Perfect
She said: “I was feeling sick”
She said that she had been feeling sick
Ella dijo : “Me estaba sintiendo enferma”
Ella dijo que se había estado sintiendo enferma
Past Progressive - Past Perfect Progressive
She said: “I had felt sick”
She said that she had felt sick
Ella dijo : “Me había sentido enferma”
Ella dijo que se había sentido enferma
Past Perfect - Past Perfect
She said: “I will feel sick”
She said she would feel sick
Ella dijo: “Me sentiré enferma”
Ella dijo que se sentiría enferma
Future - Conditional
She said: “I will not have arrived yet”
She said that she would not have arrived yet.
Ella dijo: “No habré llegado todavía”
Ella dijo que no habría llegado todavía.
Future Perfect - Conditional Perfect
Ella dijo que aún no habría llegado.
She told you: “Buy medicine, please”
She told you to buy medicine please
Ella te dijo : “Compra medicina, por favor”
Ella te dijo que compraras medicina por favor
Imperative - Imperfect Subjunctive
She said: “I don’t think (he) comes.”
She said that she didn’t think that (he) came.
Ella dijo: “No creo que venga.”
Ella dijo que no creía que viniera.
Present Subjunctive - Imperfect Subjunctive
She said: “No I don’t think he has come.”
She said that she didn’t think that he had come.
Ella dijo: “No, no creo que haya venido.”
Ella dijo que no creía que hubiera venido.
(pres) Perfect Subjunctive - (imp) Pluperfect Subjunctive
