Renal System Flashcards
Identify 7 parts of the renal system
kidneys renal arteries renal veins Ureters bladder sphincter muscle urethra
What are the roles of the kidneys?
filter waste products and toxins from the blood form urine regulate water and salt balance regulate blood pressure and volume maintain a normal pH balance of blood
The kidneys filter, reabsorb and excrete different substances to maintain levels within the body and get rid of waste products. What do they do with each of the following - water - salts - glucose - amino acids - protein - urea
water - filters out and reabsorbs some
salts - filters out and reabsorbs some
glucose - filters out and reabsorbs all
amino acids - filters out and reabsorbs all
protein - does not filter out
urea - filters out and doesn’t reabsorb any
What’s the function of the ureter?
carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder
What’s the function of the bladder?
store urine until it’s expelled
it’s muscle walls contract to force urine out through the urethra
What’s the function of the urethra?
pass urine from the bladder, to outside the body
What’s the function of the sphincter muscle?
it relaxes to allow urination to take place.
What term means ‘water regulation’?
osmoregulation
Which hormone controlled osmoregulation?
ADH - Anti-diuretic hormone
How does ADH help prevent dehydration?
more ADH is produced if you are becoming dehydrated so that your kidneys reabsorb more water and excrete less.
Identify 2 disorders related to the renal system
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Renal failure
What can cause a UTI?
sex, STI, diarrhoea, diabetes, birth control pills, kidney stones, not peeing for a long time
What are the symptoms of a UTI?
pain or burning when urinating
frequent urination
lower abdominal pain
cloudy or dark, strong-smelling urine
What is renal failure?
when the kidneys don’t work as well as they should
What are the symptoms of renal failure?
decreased urine output, fluid retention, causing swelling in legs, ankles or feet, drowsiness shortness of breth fatigue
