Endocrine System

Question 1

What is the endocrine system made up of?

Answer 1

hypothalamus
pituitary gland
thyroid gland
adrenal gland
pancreas
ovaries
testes

Question 2

What are the functions of the endocrine system?

Answer 2

regulat body acitivities e.g. growth
control reproductive processes
maintain homeostasis

Question 3

Which gland can you find in your throat?

Answer 3

thyroid gland

Question 4

Which gland can you find above the kidneys?

Answer 4

adrenal glands

Question 5

Which part of the endocrine system lies just below the liver?

Answer 5

pancreas

Question 6

What is the role of the hypothalamus?

Answer 6

it controls the pituitary gland by producing, releasing and inhibiting hormones that regulat mood, thirst, sleep, hunger etc

Question 7

Identify 4 hormones that are secreted by the pituitary gland

Answer 7

growth hormone
ADH - anti-diuretic hormone
ACTH - adrenocortiotrophic hormone
FSH - follicle stimulating hormone
LH - luteinising hormone
TSH - thyroid stimulating hormone

Question 8

What is the role of the pituitary gland?

Answer 8

it secretes hormones that are important in the regulation of growth, control of sex organs and osmoregulation

Question 9

What is the role of the thyroid gland?

Answer 9

It secretes the hormones:

- thyroxine, parathyrin and calcitonin

Question 10

What does the hormone thyroxine do?

Answer 10

it controls growth, development and metabolic rate

Question 11

Which gland is thyroxine secreted from?

Answer 11

thyroid gland

Question 12

What does the hormone ADH do?

Answer 12

Anti-diuretic hormone - regulates fluid leves

Question 13

Which gland is ADH secreted from?

Answer 13

pituitary gland

Question 14

Which gland is growth hormone secreted from?

Answer 14

pituitary gland

Question 15

Which hormones are secreted from the pancreas?

Answer 15

glucagon

insulin

Question 16

What does glucagon do?

Answer 16

increases blood glucose levels by isntructing our liver and muscles to release is from their stores of glycogen

Question 17

What does insulin do?

Answer 17

reduces blood glucose levels by instructing our muscles and liver to take up glucose out of the blood and store it as glycogen

Question 18

Where can you find the adrenal glands

Answer 18

on top of each kidney

Question 19

Which hormones are secreted by the adrenal glands?

Answer 19

aldosterone
Cortisol
Adrenaline
Noradrenaline

Question 20

Which hormones are secreted from the ovaries?

Answer 20

oestrogen

progesterone

Question 21

what does oestrogen do?

Answer 21

it causes secondary sex characteristics to appear

It thickens the lining of the uterus

Question 22

What does progesterone do?

Answer 22

it makes the thickened uterine lining glandular and ready for the fertilised ovum (egg) to become embedded

Question 23

Which hormone is secreted from the testes?

Answer 23

Testosterone

Question 24

What is the role of testosterone?

Answer 24

It’s responsible for causing secondary sexual characterisitcs such as facial and body hair growth

Question 25

Identify 2 disorders related to the endocrine system

Answer 25

Diabetes

Hypothyroidism

Question 26

Identify and describe the 2 types of diabetes mellitus

Answer 26

type 1 - where your body doesn’t produce enough insulin

type 2 - where your body stops responding to insulin (often due to obesity)

Question 27

give 3 symptoms of diabetes

Answer 27

excessive thirst
increased urination
tiredness
weight loss
blurred vision

Question 28

What causes hypothyroidism?

Answer 28

a deficiency in thyroxine

Question 29

What is hypothyroidism

Answer 29

where you have an underactive thyroid, which leads to a slower metabolism

Question 30

What are the symptoms of hypothyroidism?

Answer 30

tiredness, weight gain, depression, swelling of face, hands, feet and eyelids

Question 31

Which gland controls osmoregulation?

Answer 31

pituitary gland

as it releases ADH

Question 32

Which 2 hormones are involved in the control of blood glucose levels?

Answer 32

Insulin and Glucagon