Immune / Lymphatic System

Question 1

What is the lymphatic system made up of?

Answer 1

lymphatic vessels / capillaries,
lymph nodes
lymphocytes
lymph

Question 2

What is the role of the lymphatic system?

Answer 2

fight against infections
help maintain fluid balance
aid in the transport of some fats

Question 3

What is the lymph?

Answer 3

a colourless, watery fluid that contains lymphocytes

Question 4

What are lymphocytes?

Answer 4

white blood cells

Question 5

Name the 2 types of lymphocytes

Answer 5

B - lymphocytes

T - lymphocytes

Question 6

What is the role of B-lymphocytes?

Answer 6

recognise antigens and produce specific antibodies to destroy them by phagocytosis

Question 7

What is the role of T-lymphocytes?

Answer 7

recognise infected and abnormal cells and destroy them with special chemicals

Question 8

Which type of lymphocyte recognises antigens and produces antibodies to destroy bacteria?

Answer 8

B-lymphocytes

Question 9

Which type of lymphocyte recognises infected and abnormal cells and destroys them with special chemicals?

Answer 9

T-lymphocytes

Question 10

What are lymphatic vessels?

Answer 10

vessels that carry the lymph and assists blood in returning tissue fluid back to the heart, and maintains blod volume and pressure

Question 11

Identify 4 lymphatic organs

Answer 11

thymus
spleen
tonsils
appendix

Question 12

Where are lymph nodes found?

Answer 12

groin, armpit, neck

Question 13

What is the role of lymph nodes?

Answer 13

filter bacteria and other cells such as cancer cells

they add lymphocytes to the flowing lymph

Question 14

Where cna you find the thymus gland?

Answer 14

behind the sternum

Question 15

What is the role of the thymus gland?

Answer 15

development of T-lymphocytes, enabling them to react to a specific antigen

Question 16

What is the role of tonsils?

Answer 16

to provide a defence again micro-organisms entering the mouth and nose, by fighting them with B and T-lymphocytes that they contain

Question 17

Identify the 4 roles of the spleen

Answer 17

phagocytosis
storage of blood
immune response
erythropoiesis

Question 18

Describe the spleen’s role of phagocytosis?

Answer 18

The spleen filters blood, destroying and recycling parts of red blood cells and transports them to the liver

Question 19

Describe the spleen’s role of blood storage

Answer 19

the spleen can store up to 350ml of blood that can be returned to the circulatory system if blood is lost

Question 20

Describe the spleen’s role in the immune response

Answer 20

it contains T and T lymphocytes whihc multiply during infection

Question 21

Describe the spleen’s role of erythropoiesis

Answer 21

the spleen helps to produce foetal blood cells

Question 22

Identify 2 disorders relating to the lymphatic system

Answer 22

Hodgkin’s disease

Leukaemia

Question 23

What is Hodgkin’s disease?

Answer 23

a cancer that develops in the lymphatic system, that involved progressive enlargement of the lymph nodes, causing B-lymphocytes to multiply abnormally, which then collect in lymph nodes, causing them to swell and lose their abiltiy to fight infection

Question 24

What are the symptoms of Hodgkin’s disease?

Answer 24

painless swellings in the neck, armpit or groin

Question 25

What is Leukaemia?

Answer 25

cancer of white blood cells, leading to the overproduction of lymphocytes, which can lead to a reduction in red blood cells

Question 26

What are the symptoms of Leukaemia?

Answer 26

pale skin, tiredness, breathlessness due to the reduction in red blood cells and unexplained bleeding.