Renal Disorders Flashcards
Renal agenesis
Complete failure of kidney
Bilateral or unilateral
Renal hypoplasia
Kidneys are small ins Zoe, unilateral usually
Hypertension
Renal dysplasia
Can effect all or part of kidney
Cystic disease of kidney
Can be single or multiple
Usually hereditary
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Most common inherited kidney disease
Nephronophitis
Small kidneys and multiple cysts
Young age
Medullary cystic kidney disease
Small kidneys (adult onset) disease
Acute post infection glomerulonephritis
Occurs after infections with certain strains of group A - B hemolytic streptococci
Most common in underprivileged populations
Acute pyelonephritis
Bacterial infection (usually E-coli)
Acute kidney injury
Abrupt onset, often reverisible
Prerenal injury
Most common, characterized by marked decrease in renal blood flow
Post renal injury
Results from obstruction of iron outflow from the kidneys
Nítrate nap injury
Damage to kidney itself
Pruritis
It h
Innate immunity
Natural immunity (early rapid response)
Adaptive immunity
Specific or aquired immunity less effective but focused on specific foreign agent
Macrophages
Mature form of monocytes, engulf and kill invading organisms
Granulocytes
Short lived, consists of neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils
Lymphocytes
B- lymphocytes: produce antibodies
T- lymphocytes : cell mediated immunity
Helper T cells: bell B lymphocytes produce antibodies
Opsonins
Bind and tag microorganisms for more efficient recognition
Cytokinin
Released from activated leukocytes to regulate activity of other cells
Largest amount of IgG is given when?
In the last weeks of pregnancy in placenta
Passive immunity
Immunity transferred from another source
Active immunity
Acquired through immunization or having the disease
