Renal disease Flashcards
What are the 10 structures of the kidney
1- renal cortex
2- renal medulla
3- renal capsule
4- minor calyx
5- major calyx
6- renal column
7- renal pyramid
8- renal papilla
9- renal pelvis
10- ureter
What is the nephron
A functional unit of the kidney.
What are the two main parts of the nephron
- glomerules
- tubule
What are the kidneys renal functions (6)
- regulate volume of fluid in blood
- electrolyte balance
- acid-base balance
- excretion of waste products
- vitamin d metabolism
- production of erythropoietin
What electrolytes does the kidney balance (6)
- sodium
- potassium
- chloride
- calcium
- magnesium
- phosphate
What waste products do kidneys excrete (3)
- creative
- urea
- uric acid
What is erythropoietin
A growth factor for red blood cell production in bone marrow
What does the glomerulus do
Filtration
Where does the glomerulus filter fluid
The bowman’s capsule
What do the tubules do
Reabsorb and secrete
What are the 2 renal function tests
- glomerular filtration rate
- Measurement of waste products in plasma
How is the glomerular filtration rate test work
The volume of fluid filtered through all glomeruli per time unit.
What is the normal level for glomeruli per min
60-120 ml/min
How can this glomerular test be estimated
186 x (plasma creatinine 0.0113)^-1.15 x age^ -0.203 ( x 0.72 if female)
What is a normal estimated glomerular
Greater than 90 ml/min/1.73 m^2
