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Psychology - PSYA3 > Relationships - Influence of Childhood > Flashcards

Relationships - Influence of Childhood Flashcards

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1
Q

Basic assumption of influence of childhood?

A

Childhood experiences predispose us towards particular types of relationships as adults

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2
Q

Aspects of childhood influence?

A

Parent-child relationships

Interaction with peers

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3
Q

Shaver?

A

Romantic love is an integration of attachment, caregiving and sexuality (behavioural systems acquired in infancy)

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4
Q

Behavioural systems in romantic love researcher?

A

Shaver

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5
Q

Internal working model?

A

Bowlby

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6
Q

Bowlby?

A

Internal working model means that relationships are a continuation of attachment

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7
Q

Love quiz?

A

Hazan and Shaver

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8
Q

Hazan and Shaver?

A 
Secure = secure/positive
Resistant = conflicting/preoccupied
Avoidant = fearful/negative
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9
Q

Consequences of childhood abuse?

A

May lead to an attachment disorder (resists and rejects intimacy) and difficulties in forming healthy relationships

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10
Q

Research on childhood abuse?

A

Alpert et al

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11
Q

Springer et al?

A

Physical abuse = depression, anger and anxiety

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12
Q

Alpert et al?

A

Abuse = inability to trust and a sense of isolation

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13
Q

Strengths of explanations of parent-child relationships?

A

Support for abuse

Support for attachment

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14
Q

Weaknesses of explanations of parent-child relationships?

A

Deterministic

Attachments effect rather than cause

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15
Q

Determinism in explanations of parent-child relationships?

A

Simpson et al

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16
Q

Simpson et al?

A

There have been many cases where insecure children have healthy future relationships

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17
Q

Research on attachment being an effect rather than cause?

A

Kirkpatrick and Hazan

18
Q

Kirkpatrick and Hazan?

A

Break-ups associated with a shit from secure to insecure, so may be determined by current relationship

19
Q

Support for abuse in explanations of parent-child relationships?

A

Berenson and Anderson

20
Q

Berenson and Anderson?

A

Abused children had a negative reaction (e.g. expectation of rejection and emotional distancing) to a stinger, but only when they reminded them of the parent

21
Q

Support for secure attachments in explanations of parent-child relationships?

A

Simpson et al.

22
Q

Simpson et al?

A

Longitudinal study found securely attached infants -> high social status -> high social skills -> closer friends -> secure relationships

23
Q

Aspects of explanations of interactions with peers?

A

Childhood friendships

Adolescent relationships

24
Q

Qualter and Munn?

A

Experiences with peers help develop a sense of value which becomes internalised

25
Q

Research on childhood friendships?

A

Qualter and Munn

26
Q

Research on ‘training grounds’?

A

Nangle et al

27
Q

Nangle et al?

A

Childhood friendships are important training grounds for adult relationships as they promote feelings of trust, acceptance and being understood

28
Q

Research on adolescent relationships?

A

Madsen

29
Q

Madsen?

A

Dating can be advantageous for adult relationship quality, but too much can be maladaptive

30
Q

What do adolescent relationships help achieve?

A

Separation from parents, redirection of intense interpersonal energy, new types of emotional and physical intimacy

31
Q

Strengths of explanations of interactions with peers?

A

Support

32
Q

Weaknesses of explanations of interactions with peers?

A

Gender bias
Contradictory research
Negative effects of adolescent relationships

33
Q

Gender bias in explanations of interactions with peers?

A

Erwin

34
Q

Erwin?

A

Sex differences in interaction with peers are over-emphasised

35
Q

Contradictory research for explanations of interactions with peers?

A

Roisman et al

36
Q

Roisman et al?

A

Found no effect of romantic experiences at age 20 on those at 30

37
Q

Negative effects of adolescent relationships?

A

Haynie

38
Q

Haynie?

A

Adolescent relationships increased some forms of deviance by as much as 35%

39
Q

Neeman et al?

A

Adolescent relationships related to academic and conduct problems

40
Q

Support for explanations of interactions with peers?

A

Suomi and Harlow

41
Q

Suomi and Harlow?

A

The longer rhesus monkeys were denied the opportunity to interact with other young monkeys, the more extreme their social inadequacies

Psychology - PSYA3 (13 decks)

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