Relationships - Formation Flashcards
Theories on formation of relationships?
Reward/need satisfaction theory
Similarity Theory
Reward/need satisfaction theory?
Byrne and Clore
Byrne and clore?
reward/need satisfaction theory
Byrne, clore and smeaton?
similarity theory
similarity theory?
byrne, clore and smeaton
basic belief of reward/need satisfaction theory?
formation due to self interest - we seek those who meet our needs and so reward us
research on classical conditioning?
veitch and griffith
veitch and griffith?
people rated a stranger more positively after a radio programme of good news
strengths of reward/need satisfaction theory?
support for OC and CC
weaknesses of reward/need satisfaction theory?
cultural bias
reductionist
incomplete
cultural bias in reward/need satisfaction theory?
Lott
Lott?
women are more focussed on the needs of others rather than their own in some cultures
Support for CC in reward/need satisfaction theory?
May and Hamilton
May and Hamilton?
Females rated males as more attractive while nice music was playing
Support for OC in reward/need satisfaction theory?
Cate et al
Cate et al?
reward level was superior to all other factors in determining relationship satisfaction
Reductionism in reward/need satisfaction theory?
Aron et al
Aron et al?
found a brain reward system which drove our ancestors to focus their courtship energy
Incompleteness in reward/need satisfaction theory?
Hays
Hays?
We gain satisfaction from giving rewards
Relationship between reward/need satisfaction theory and similarity theory?
Similarity is an extension of reward/need, as similarity is a reward within itself
Aspects of similarity?
Personality and attitudes
Research on personality?
Berscheid and Reis
Berscheid and Reis?
More likely to be attracted to similar traits than dissimilar or complementary
Caspi and Herbener?
Similar personalities = happy, LT relationships
What happens to attitudes in similarity theory?
Process of ‘attitude alignment’ in successful relationships
Strengths of similarity theory?
Support for attitudes and AA
Weaknesses of similarity theory?
Narrow focus
Ignores importance of dissimilarity
Supporting research for similarity theory?
Sprecher
Sprecher?
LT relationships more likely in those who matched in physical attractiveness, social background and interests
Supporting research for attitude alignment?
Gruber-Baldini et al
Gruber-Baldini et al?
Longitudinal study over 21 years found that those who were similar at the start were more likely to stay together and become similar in attitudes
Narrow focus in similarity theory?
Yoshshida
Yoshida?
Other factors (e.g. self-concept, economic level, physical condition) are just as important
Speakman et al?
Similar levels of body fat
Research on importance of dissimilarity?
Drigotas
Drigotas?
Similarity is more important at first, but this changes as the couple get to know each other
Rosenbaum?
Dissimilarity-repulsion hypothesis
Dissimilarity-repulsion hypothesis?
Rosenbaum
