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psychology > relationships factors affecting attraction in romantic relationship > Flashcards

relationships factors affecting attraction in romantic relationship Flashcards

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1
Q

factors affecting attraction in romantic relationship

A

-physical Attractiveness
-demographic similarity
-proximity
-attitude similarity
-personality similarity

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2
Q

brigham

A

rated physical attractiveness as being socianle interesting and exciting than less attractive people

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3
Q

wheeler and kim

A

attractive Canadians rated as more sociable friendly and happy however attractive Koreans were judged sensitive and generous

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4
Q

halo effect

A

people judge on surface characteristics and physical attraction as most important

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5
Q

cunningham

A

physical features that men find youth and health e.g. childlike face relatively large eyes and widely seperated

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6
Q

physically attractive in women males want…. (maths)

A

mathmetically mean with equally spaced out eyes prefect average

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7
Q

langlois and roggman method

A

looking at average face picture of individuals were shown an original and an amalgamated picture(perfect average) shown to 300 p

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8
Q

langlois and roggman results

A

amalgamated pictures was rated more attractive on likert scale than original

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9
Q

alley and cunningham
+ perrett et al

A

relationship between physical attractiveness and symmetry

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10
Q

brown et al

A

rate body symmetry highly - strong indicator of biological fitness

females rated tall broad shoulders
men rated woman large hips long legs

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11
Q

who developed matching hypothesis

A

elaine hatfield

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12
Q

when was the matching hypothesis developed

A

1960

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13
Q

matching hypothesis suggests that..

A

people are attracted to potential partners that are similar to them in physical attractiveness

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14
Q

murstein results

A

photographs of couples in genuine relationship were rated as similar in physical attractiveness than individuals who had posed as couples

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15
Q

Silverman results

A

observers found those with similar physical attractiveness appeared happier and more intimate

than who were not matched in physical attractiveness

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16
Q

Silverman method

A

nature observational study in a natural dating situation

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17
Q

Burscheid et al method

A

asked students what kind of partner they wanted in physical attractiveness

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18
Q

Burscheid et al results

A

student greater liking same level of physical attractiveness as themselves

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19
Q

Burscheid et al conclusion

A

due to fear of rejection and not just down to evolutionary pressures

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20
Q

3 strengths of matching hypothesis

A

real life application - high ecological validity

has been used matching other factors such as wealth or intelligences- testing of evolutionary theory women wanting wealth

murstein and christy

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21
Q

murstein christy supporting evidence

A

married couples displayed significant levels similar in terms of physical attractiveness

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22
Q

limitation of matching hypothesis

A

towhey

cultural biased - imposed etic physical attractiveness in western cultures - non western arranged marriage common - less choice

ethnocentric - assume the choice of individuals have in western societies is better than restricted individuals in non western

23
Q

towhey results n- conclusion limitation

A

found those who scored highly on macho scale ( attitudes of opposite sex stereotypes and behaviour) valued physical attractiveness more than people who had low score

24
Q

towhey aim

A

importance of physical attraction varies from person to person

25
Q

towhey method

A

asked men and woman to rate how much they would like a person based on a photo and brief biography

26
Q

demographic similarity

A

variables such as age or sex or social status

27
Q

demographic similarity - research

A

Kandel and Newcomb - people are more likely to form friendship with people who are demographically similar to themselves
failure - lead to rejection

28
Q

proximity

A

how near we live to potential partner
home school work

29
Q

bossard

A

5000 couples over half of them lived very close proximity to each other before they were married

30
Q

attitudes similarity research

A

bryne et al

werner parmalee

31
Q

bryne et al

A

people were more likely to like a ‘fake student’ when they responded in the same way on topics that were important to them

32
Q

burgess and wallin support results and method

A

matched

1000 couples and found that they were similarly matched on many of the personal characteristics - leadership

33
Q

winch results not supporting the matching hypothesis

A

not similar complementary

couples had happier and long lasting relationship when they had complementary rather than similar characteristics

e.g. dom and sub fulfil each others needs

34
Q

who developed the factor of self disclosure

A

stenberg

35
Q

what is self disclosure

A

individuals revealing intimate, personal information about themselves to partner

e.g. thoughts feelings goals

36
Q

collins and millers

3 things - how it affects the individual

A

revealing a secret makes others like us and we become more attractive

individuals disclose more to those they actually like

individuals feel closeness to people they have self disclosed to

37
Q

altman and taylor

matching energy

A

social penetration theory individuals will match level of self disclosure to the other person. (reciprocity)

if one reveals too much early they could be off-putting other person may run away

38
Q

archer - response

A

way in which a person reacts to the person self disclosing is important the one displaying self disclosure wants to be understood not just heard

empathetic and responsiveness ae more attract to who’s self disclosing

39
Q

gibbs et al method

A

personal profiles of individuals on online dating sites

40
Q

gibbs et al results

A

found those looking for long term relationship showed high levels of self disclosure - hoping for honesty for disclosing will attract others who also want the same and would reciprocate this

41
Q

filter theory social demography, similarity in attitudes and complementarity

A
42
Q

who built on the five main factors affect relationships

A

kerckhoff and davis

43
Q

Kirchhoff and Davis filter theory
3 stages

A

social demography, similarity in attitudes and complementarity

44
Q

order of the filter theory

A

SD, SIA,C

45
Q

social demography

A

first stage only meet a very small amount of people - close proximity

small pool filtered into shared soical class, age or education

46
Q

similarity in attitudes

A

relationship become more permanent attitudes with shared values and beliefs

47
Q

complementarity

A

long term relationship
filter ability to complement and meet emotional needs

48
Q

kerckhoff and davis method

A

longitudinal study seven months student couples

questionnaire couples felt

49
Q

kerckhoff and davis results

A

similarity in attitudes was most important until 18 months

complementarity was seen as most important - different factors more important in different stages

50
Q

brehm 1992

A

factors affect attraction in early stage of romantic relationship - different factors become more important -

51
Q

strengths of brehm

A

high vailidity and reliability

52
Q

kerckhoff and davis limiation two

A

lacks temporal validity - old study 1962 not relevant - today go uni move meet people outside of proximity

correlational

53
Q

sprecher

A

supports
couples in LT relationships tended to be similar social background than couples split

54
Q
A

psychology (25 decks)

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