rel/ val diagnosis Flashcards
A01 reliability
for diagnosis to be reliable diagnosis should be the same for the same set of symptoms would recieve the same diagnosis by a different psychiatrist - inter rater
reliability of diagnosis can vary due to cultural differences for example, east, hallucinations considered positive experience and not a mental health condition whereas in the west would be considered a MH condition prehaps SZ
may become unreliable due to symptom overlap where share similar sympyoms e.g. SZ and bipolar can lead to different psychiatrists diagnosing differently
for diagnosis to be relaible must be consistent over time, e.g. the same psychiatrist diagnoses the same person with the same diagnosis at a later point in time
often use PPV scores to test reliabilioty, proprtion of people given the same diagnosis at a later point in time when reassesed
prognosis should be the same for individuals given the same diagnosis
IRR
TRT
RELIABILITY
CULTURE
validity A01
extent to which test measures what it claims to measure, if a diagnosis is valid ashould succesfully identify a real condition
- often symptoms overlap which can cause invalid diagnosis
- diagnosis if ofren comorbid as e.g. depression and addition often co- occur- low mood- turn to drugs/ alcohol to improve mood- addiction- both diagnosis are appropriate but can lead to commorbidity
- predictive validity, should be able to predict what will occur after diagnosis e.g. correct treatment and how will react to treatment and what prognosis will look like
- concurrent validity, whether measures/ tests support thoes that already exsisit
- construct validity, extent to which a mental disorder reallty exists, often when sysmptoms very close
someones experience of mental distress, diagnosed via symptoms and features is reductionist, more valid if looka t all aspects= more valid
rel order of evidence
- beck et al -153 54%
- cooper et al - new york and london
+ rosenhan - 7/8
+ goldstein 199 IRR
+ di nardos 267 improved rel anxiety
- nicholls - children with ED 81 ,7-16, 50%, 0.64, 0.36 0.88
conc
- multi axil approach
- improved standerdised diagnostic / assesment techniques
-improved more specific criteria
validity A03
- allyardyce, construct
1- hallucinations common, no cut off
2- symptom overlap, wide range symptoms
3- +/ - symptom SZ invidual - rosenhan not valid, sane and SZ in R
+ hoffman, standerdised questionaires, computer prompted, acolhol, A /D/ cocaine
+ sanchez villages depression 62, 42, 68,81
conclusion: 2+ symptoms
cultural differences
feild trails real work
more clearer diagnosis
