rel/ val diagnosis

Question 1

what does it mean if a classification system is reliable

Answer 1

when the same system is used to diagnose the same patient using different psychiatrists arriving at the same diagnosis

Question 2

types of reliability

Answer 2

IRR- asking more then one diagnositician to diagnose
TRTR=testing patient once and then again to see if arrive at same diagnosis

Question 3

para 1

Answer 3

beck et al - suggests early versions of DSM not valid, study on 153 patients only 54% agreement due to vague criteria and inconsistencies in techniques used to gather data
cooper- showed clinicans from NYC and london same clinical interview, thoes from NYC 2X more likely to diagnose SZ as london who were 2X more likely to diagnose mania or depression

Question 4

para 2

Answer 4

rosenhan- 7/8 discharged with SZ in remission after prestning same symptoms and then acting normal
goldstein rediagnosed 199 patients with DSM111 previously diagnosed with DSM 11, high level of IRR

Question 5

para 3

Answer 5

dinardo showed how DSM improved after DSM111R
diagnosed 267 patients, with anxiety and stress disorders high R for OCD but not GAD due to confusion with criteria ‘ excessive worries ‘ fixed in the DSM IV
nicholls et al - ICD 10 and DSM IV not reliable- study on children with ED’S 81 aged 7-16 DSM said 50% didnt have ED R was 0.64 icd-10 0.36, although alternate 0.88 R.

Question 6

conclusion R

Answer 6

classification systems have improved in relaibiltity due to a multi-axil approach, more standerdised assesment techniques and a more specific criteria althoygh diagnosis will never be 100% as psychiatrusts may diagnose in diff ways …

Question 7

what does it mean if a classification system is valid

Answer 7

if it succesfully identifys a real condition/ correct leading to a suitable treatment.

Question 8

types of validity

Answer 8

predictive- ability og a test to predict further outcomes e.g. response to a treatment
concurrent- results correspond to previously estabilished study/ construct
construct - extent to which a category if MH really exissts

Question 9

para 1 v

Answer 9

allyardyce et al - issues with construst val
1- dellusions and hallucinations normal in society no clear cut SZ and normal
2- SZ range symptoms occur diff combinations many patients appear v different may be overlaps of other MH conditions not SZ
3- thoes with mostly + symptms pr mostly - maybe have different conditions

Question 10

para 2 v

Answer 10

rosenhan- sane not insane
not valid

hoffman alc abuse, alc depedancy and cocaine dependancy structured interview computer promted DSM iv TR valid dsm can be used diagnose MH ISSUES Correctly

Question 11

para3 v

Answer 11

sanchez villages et al depression, standerdised interview DSM IV TR 42 without 62 with
42- 81%
62-68%
correctly identified valid