Rehabilitation

Question 1

define impairment

Answer 1

problems in body function or structure such as a significant deviation or loss

Question 2

define a disability/activity limitation

Answer 2

difficulties an individual may have in executing activities

Question 3

define a handicap/ participation restriction

Answer 3

problems individual may have in involvement in life situations

Question 4

what is rehabilitation?

Answer 4

the restoration of patient to their fullest physical, mental and social capability

Question 5

what long term neurological conditions have a sudden onset?

Answer 5

> acquired brain injury
spinal cord injury
stroke

Question 6

name some unpredictable long-term neurological conditions

Answer 6

> epilepsy

> early multiple sclerosis (relapses and remissions)

Question 7

name some stable long term neurological conditions

Answer 7

> post-polio syndrome
cerebral palsy in adults
spina bifida in adolescence/adults

Question 8

name some cognitive problems after brain injury

Answer 8

> post -traumatic amnesia
> confusion/disorientation
> severe memory problems
> poor concentration
> slowed thinking
> poor executive functioning

Question 9

name some physical problems from long term neurological conditions

Answer 9

> weakness
> loss of abnormal sensation
> spasticity
> visual disturbance
> loss of hearing, smell, taste
> swallowing and comms difficulties
> pain syndrome
> bladder and bowel dysfunction
> seizures and epilepsy

Question 10

what psychiatric problems can occur after brain injury?

Answer 10

> depression/anxiety
personality change
irritability
aggression/ disinhibition/ apathy

Question 11

what would you assess in rehab?

Answer 11

> mobility
> activities in daily life
> mood and cognition
> bladder and bowels
> communication
> swallow
> skin, vision and hearing

Question 12

describe SMART goals

Answer 12

Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Relevant
Time limited

Question 13

what is spasticity?

Answer 13

a motor disorder characterised by a velocity dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes with exaggerated tendon jerks resulting from an upper motor neuron lesion.

Question 14

name some complications of spasticity

Answer 14

> poor seating/lying positions
> sleep difficulties
> dressing and hygiene issues
> pain/spasms
> communication and feeding problems
> pressure sores and contracture
> poor self image and relationship issues

Question 15

what is the management for spasticity?

Answer 15

> prevention!
> multidisciplinary team approach
> physical therapy
> exclude exacerbating factors
> oral ant spasticity agents
> focal treatment with botulinum

Question 16

what are the benefits of rehabilitation?

Answer 16

> greater independence
> greater chance of remaining at home
> increased comfort and dignity
> increased chance of returning to work
> improved quality of life
> reduced need for care

Question 17

what are some secondary complications of rehabilitation care?

Answer 17

> pressure sores
> chest infections
> deep vein thrombosis
> malnutrition
> constipation
> musculoskeletal pain
> contractures
> low morale and depression

Question 18

name some acquired brain injuries

Answer 18

> head injury
> haemorrhagic
> hypoxic/anoxic
> metabolic
> infective

Question 19

what would the GCS of a severe head injury be?

Answer 19

GCS 3-8

Question 20

what could the GCS of a moderate head injury be?

Answer 20

9-12

Question 21

what could the GCS of a mild head injury be?

Answer 21

13-15