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Nervous System > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

what fibres may cranial nerves contain?

A 
> somatic motor fibres
> visceral motor fibres
> visceral sensory fibres
> genera sensory fibres
> special sensory fibres
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2
Q

what is cranial 1?

A

olfactory

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3
Q

what foramen does the olfactory nerve pass through?

A

the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone

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4
Q

what is cranial nerve 2?

A

optic nerve

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5
Q

what foramen does the cranial nerve pass through?

A

optic canal

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6
Q

what can an increase in csf cause to the optic nerve?

A

papilloedema

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7
Q

where would a lesion be to create right sided blindness?

A

in the right optic nerve

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8
Q

where would a lesion be to create bitemporal hemianopia?

A

in the optic chiasm

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9
Q

where would a lesion be to create left homonymous hemianopsia?

A

right optic tract

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10
Q

name cranial nerve three

A

oculomotor nerve

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11
Q

which foramen does the oculomotor (3) pass?

A

the superior orbital fissure

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12
Q

what are the components of the oculomotor nerve?

A

> somatic motor

> visceral motor

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13
Q

what is ptosis?

A

drooping of the upper eyelid

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14
Q

what is the effect of the parasympathetic system via the oculomotor nerve on the pupil and ciliary muscle?

A

it causes pupillary constriction and accommodation by the ciliary muscle

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15
Q

what muscles does the oculomotor nerve innervate?

A

> medial, superior and inferior rectus
inferior oblique
levator palpebrae superiorus

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16
Q

name the IV cranial nerve

A

trochlear nerve

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17
Q

where does cranial nerve IV exit the skull?

A

at the superior orbital fissure

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18
Q

what muscle does the trochlear nerve innervate?

A

the superior oblique

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19
Q

name cranial nerve VI

A

abducent

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20
Q

where does the abducent emerge from in the brain?

A

between the pons and the medulla

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21
Q

what fissure does cranial nerve VI pass through?

A

superior orbital fissure

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22
Q

what muscle does the abducent nerve innervate?

A

the lateral rectus

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23
Q

name cranial nerve V

A

the trigeminal nerve

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24
Q

what three nerve makes up the trigeminal nerve?

A

ophthalmic V1
maxillary V2
Mandibular V3

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25
Q

where does CNV1 exit the skull?

A

the superior orbital fissure

26
Q

what does the ophthalmic V1 supply?

A 
> cornea
> forehead
> scalp
> eyelids
> nose
> mucosa of nasal cavity
> sinuses
27
Q

what foramen does CNV2, maxillary nerve pass through?

A

foramen rotundum

28
Q

what does the maxillary nerve CNV2 supply?

A 
> face
> teeth
> temporomandibular joint
> mucosa of nose
> maxillary sinuses
> palate
29
Q

what foramen does the mandibular nerve CNV3 exit the skull through?

A

foramen ovale

30
Q

what is the sensory innervation of the mandibular nerve?

A 
> over mandible
> teeth
> tmj joint
> mucosa of mouth
> anterior 2/3rds of tongue
31
Q

what muscles are innervated by the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve?

A

> muscles of mastication
digastric
tensor veli palatine
tensor tympani

32
Q

name cranial nerve 7 CNVII

A

facial nerve

33
Q

where does the facial nerve exit the skull?

A

the internal acoustic meatus

34
Q

where does the facial nerve emerge from the brain?

A

between the pons and the medulla

35
Q

what is the motor innervation of the facial nerve?

A

> muscles of facial expression
stapedius of middle ear
part of digastric muscles

36
Q

what is the visceral motor component of the facial nerve?

A

> submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
lacrimal glands
nose glands
palate

37
Q

what is the special sensory component of the facial nerve?

A

taste form anterior 2/3rds of tongue and soft palate

38
Q

what is the general sensory component of the facial nerve?

A

external acoustic meatus

39
Q

what nerve is affected in bells palsy?

A

the facial nerve, CNVII

40
Q

where does the vestibulocochlear nerve exit the brain?

A

between the pons and the medulla

41
Q

name cranial nerve CNVIII

A

vestibulocochlear nerve

42
Q

where does the vestibulocochlear nerve exit the skull?

A

the internal acoustic meatus

43
Q

to what does the vestibulocochlear nerve provide sensory information?

A

> semicircular ducts
uticle
saccule

44
Q

what can occur if there is damage to the vestibulocochlear nerve?

A

> tinnitus
deafness
vertigo
nystagmus

45
Q

name cranial nerve CNIX

A

glossopharyngeal nerve

46
Q

where does the glossopharyngeal nerve exit the skull?

A

the jugular foramen

47
Q

what part of the tongue does the glossopharyngeal nerve innervate?

A

the posterior 3rd of the tongue

48
Q

what are the general sensory components of the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

middle are and posterior oral cavity

49
Q

what are the visceral sensory components of cranial nerve CNIX?

A

sensation from the carotid body and carotid sinus

50
Q

what nerve innervates the parotid gland?

A

CNIX glossopharyngeal nerve

51
Q

what is the somatic motor components of the glossopharyngeal nerve CNIX?

A

to stylopharyngeus helping with swallowing

52
Q

name CNX

A

vagus nerve

53
Q

where does the vagus nerve exit the skull?

A

through the jugular foramen

54
Q

what is the visceral motor component of the vagus nerve?

A

parasympathetic innervation of the bronchi, gut and heart

55
Q

what is the somatic motor component of the vagus nerve?

A

pharynx, larynx, palate and oesophagus

56
Q

name CNXI

A

accessory nerve

57
Q

where does the accessory nerve exit the skull?

A

jugular foramen

58
Q

what are the somatic motor components of the accessory nerve?

A

> soft palate
pharynx
larynx
scm and trapezius

59
Q

name cranial nerve XII

A

hypoglossal nerve

60
Q

where does the hypoglossal nerve exit the skull?

A

the hypoglossal canal

61
Q

what is the somatic motor component of CNXII?

A

the muscles of the tongue

Nervous System (45 decks)

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