Regulation of Gene Expression Flashcards
DNA sequence that binds TFIIB; helps to direct RNA pol binding
BRE
provide access to components of nucleotide bases in the core of DNA
minor and major grooves
Protein capable of regulating transcription of a gene
Transcription factor
______ are proteins involved in regulating gene expression that are important in unwinding
chromatin remodeling proteins
DNA sequence that modulates DNA transcription in an orientation and location independent fashion
Enhancer
DNA sequence that binds TFIID; helps to direct RNA pol binding
DPE
a segment of DNA that is transcribed into RNA and its associated transcriptional control regions.
Gene
DNA sequence or promoter that serves to bind transcriptional regulatory proteins
Nuclear Response Element
process that is seen in tooth development that is characterized by specific patterns of gene expression expressed at different times
reciprocal induction
Transcription factor that increases gene expression
Activator
The _______ is capable of promoting both DNA binding and dimerization
Leucine zipper
DNA regulatory sequences can be located at great distances relative to the start site of transcription like in the 5’ or 3’ flanking regions and in introns in _______
eukaryotes
Do autosomes and X chromosomes undergo recombination?
Yes
transcription factor with a bound Zn atom associated with the protein that is required for the protein to achieve the proper confirmation to bind DNA and/or regulate transcription.
Zinc finger
Do Y chromosomes undergo recombination?
No
What are the 5 signaling mechanisms that are used in animal development?
WNT, TGF-B, RTK, Hedgehog, and Notch
In _______, the repressor and activator binding sites are generally closely juxtaposed to the RNA Pol binding site
prokaryotes
Protein that forms a complex with DNA, may or may not have transactivating ability
DNA binding protein
structural feature in transcription factors consisting of α helices bound by a looping stretch of amino acids
Helix-loop-helix
contains start site of transcription for many RNA pol II genes, binds TFIID
INR
Located 25-30 bp 5’ of the start site of transcription, bind TBP subnit of TFIID
TATA box
allows us to identify causal mutations in those cases where a large family suitable for linkage analysis is not available
Exome sequencing
Transcription factor that decreases gene expression
Repressor
aa’s form _____ bonds with certain nucleotide bases in the grooves of DNA
hydrogen
Human gene names are italicized and ________
capitalized
All letters in a gene name are _____
italicized
Two proteins each with an α-helix (formed largely by consecutive leucine residues) form a Y-shaped coiled-coil structure. Results in both protein and DNA binding.
Leucine zipper
______ are proteins involved in regulating gene expression that decrease the level of transcription
repressors/corepressors
Coactivator for the WNT signaling pathway
B-catenin
______ are proteins involved in regulating gene expression that are important for transcriptional complex
mediators and DNA binding proteins
Transcription control, RNA processing control, RNA transport and localization control, Translation control, mRNA degradation control, and protein activity control are all ______
Levels of Control of Eukaryotic gene expression
____ are proteins involved in regulating gene expression that increase the level of transcription
activators/coactivators
DNA binding motif consisting of two α helices joined by a short stretch of amino acids
Helix-turn-helix
