Innate Immunity

Question 1

also known as polymorphonuclear leukocytes, general name for cells including neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes (that give rise to macrophages) and mast cell precursors.

Answer 1

Granulocytes

Question 2

killing of antibody-coated parasites

Answer 2

eosinophils

Question 3

major cells of innate immunity include:

Answer 3

macrophages, granulocytes, mast cells, dendritic cells, and natural killer (NK) cells

Question 4

is the response of antigen-specific lymphocytes to antigen, including the development of immunological memory; generated by clonal selection of lymphocytes

Answer 4

adaptive immune response or adaptive immunity

Question 5

utilizes invariant receptors that recognize common features of pathogens; present in all individuals at all times, does not increase with repeated exposure to a given pathogen, and discriminates between a group of related pathogens

Answer 5

inname immunity

Question 6

subset of lymphocytes that develop in the thymus and function in a number of regulatory roles associated with B-cell production of antibody, macrophage activation or killing of cells infected with viruses and other intracellular pathogens

Answer 6

T-cell

Question 7

______ form the first barrier against most microorgs and have rapid repair mechanisms if injured

Answer 7

epithelial surfaces

Question 8

important in killing of antibody-coated parasites. When activated they release granules containing a variety of enzymes and toxic proteins

Answer 8

Eosinophils

Question 9

produce antimicrobial peptides, lectins, and cytokines

Answer 9

Paneth cells

Question 10

The early phases of the host response to infection depend on ___________ in which a variety of innate resistance mechanisms recognize and respond to the presence of a pathogen

Answer 10

innate immunity

Question 11

most numerous of phagocytic cells and most important in innate immune response; functions in phagocytosis and activation of bactericidal mechanisms

Answer 11

neutrophil

Question 12

function similarly to eosinophils

Answer 12

Basophils

Question 13

degrade pathogens they take up, main role is antigen presentation

Answer 13

dendritic cells

Question 14

cell that functions in phagocytosis and activation of bactericidal mechanisms and antigen presentation;

Answer 14

macrophages

Question 15

T/F: Infectious agents must overcome Innate host defenses in order to establish an infection

Answer 15

True

Question 16

response of antigen-specific lymphocytes to antigen. Also known as acquired immunity. Confers life-long protection against reinfection by the same pathogen.

Answer 16

Adaptive immunity

Question 17

confers lifelong protective immunity to reinfection by the same pathogen

Answer 17

immunologic memory

Question 18

upon activation these cells differentiate into an antibody producing cell

Answer 18

B-cell

Question 19

part of innate immunity, not specific for antigen that releases lytic granules that kill some virus-infected cells

Answer 19

natural killer (NK) cells

Question 20

categories of disease-causing microorganisms

Answer 20

viruses, bateria, pathogenic fungi, and parasites (uni and multicellular)

Question 21

all cellular elements of the blood and immune system arise from the _____ cells of the bone marrow

Answer 21

pluripotent stem cells

Question 22

release granules containing histamine and active agents

Answer 22

mast cell

Question 23

release granules containing histamine and other active agents.

Answer 23

Mast cells

Question 24

general scavenger, phagocytic cell in the body that is involved in a number of early events of the immune response to infection including antigen presentation, phagocytosis and activation of bactericidal mechanisms.

Answer 24

Macrophage

Question 25

degrade pathogens they take up, but their main role is to present antigens to T-lymphocytes.

Answer 25

Dendritic cells

Question 26

produce secreted gel-forming mucin glycoproteins, trefoil peptides, and RELM-B

Answer 26

goblet cells

Question 27

most numerous of the phagocytic cells, important in innate immune responses, phagocytosis and activation of bactericidal mechanisms. Have a horseshoe, lobular nuclear shape

Answer 27

Neutrophils

Question 28

that serves a number of barrier and other functions in the immune response. Types include the GALT (gut), NALT (nasopharynx) and BALT (bronchus) associated lymphoid tissues

Answer 28

MALT: mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue

Question 29

name used to describe the tissues, cells, and molecules involved in adaptive immunity, or sometimes the totality of host defense mechanisms

Answer 29

immune system

Question 30

the initial phase of host response to infection, present in all individuals, which does not increase or change with repeated exposure to a given pathogen.

Answer 30

Innate Immunity