Innate Immunity Flashcards
also known as polymorphonuclear leukocytes, general name for cells including neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes (that give rise to macrophages) and mast cell precursors.
Granulocytes
killing of antibody-coated parasites
eosinophils
major cells of innate immunity include:
macrophages, granulocytes, mast cells, dendritic cells, and natural killer (NK) cells
is the response of antigen-specific lymphocytes to antigen, including the development of immunological memory; generated by clonal selection of lymphocytes
adaptive immune response or adaptive immunity
utilizes invariant receptors that recognize common features of pathogens; present in all individuals at all times, does not increase with repeated exposure to a given pathogen, and discriminates between a group of related pathogens
inname immunity
subset of lymphocytes that develop in the thymus and function in a number of regulatory roles associated with B-cell production of antibody, macrophage activation or killing of cells infected with viruses and other intracellular pathogens
T-cell
______ form the first barrier against most microorgs and have rapid repair mechanisms if injured
epithelial surfaces
important in killing of antibody-coated parasites. When activated they release granules containing a variety of enzymes and toxic proteins
Eosinophils
produce antimicrobial peptides, lectins, and cytokines
Paneth cells
The early phases of the host response to infection depend on ___________ in which a variety of innate resistance mechanisms recognize and respond to the presence of a pathogen
innate immunity
most numerous of phagocytic cells and most important in innate immune response; functions in phagocytosis and activation of bactericidal mechanisms
neutrophil
function similarly to eosinophils
Basophils
degrade pathogens they take up, main role is antigen presentation
dendritic cells
cell that functions in phagocytosis and activation of bactericidal mechanisms and antigen presentation;
macrophages
T/F: Infectious agents must overcome Innate host defenses in order to establish an infection
True
response of antigen-specific lymphocytes to antigen. Also known as acquired immunity. Confers life-long protection against reinfection by the same pathogen.
Adaptive immunity
confers lifelong protective immunity to reinfection by the same pathogen
immunologic memory
upon activation these cells differentiate into an antibody producing cell
B-cell
part of innate immunity, not specific for antigen that releases lytic granules that kill some virus-infected cells
natural killer (NK) cells
categories of disease-causing microorganisms
viruses, bateria, pathogenic fungi, and parasites (uni and multicellular)
all cellular elements of the blood and immune system arise from the _____ cells of the bone marrow
pluripotent stem cells
release granules containing histamine and active agents
mast cell
release granules containing histamine and other active agents.
Mast cells
general scavenger, phagocytic cell in the body that is involved in a number of early events of the immune response to infection including antigen presentation, phagocytosis and activation of bactericidal mechanisms.
Macrophage
