Protein Synthesis and Protein Functions

Question 1

a region within a protein that can function independently of the total protein within which it is found.

Answer 1

Domain

Question 2

Odontoblasts move towards center of tooth forming the ______

Answer 2

Odontoblast process

Question 3

_______ secretes hydroxyapatite crystals and mineralizes matrix forming the mantle dentin

Answer 3

Odontoblast process

Question 4

______ is high in proline, leucine, histidine, and glutamine but contains no hydroxyproline or cystine

Answer 4

Amelogenin

Question 5

the collective protein information found in an organism, tissue, cell, fluid or other definable compartment.

Answer 5

Proteome

Question 6

the 3D structure of multiple polypeptide chains; refers to the complete structure of all subunits

Answer 6

Protein quaternary structure

Question 7

the amino acid sequence of a protein

Answer 7

Protein primary structure

Question 8

a sequence of amino acids or a sequence in DNA that appears multiple times throughout the proteome or genome, respectively, usually associated with a particular function; can also be formed as structural elements that are not necessarily tied a specific sequence

Answer 8

Motif

Question 9

DNA binding motif consisting of two α helices joined by a short stretch of amino acids.

Answer 9

Helix-turn-helix

Question 10

What 2 genes from amelogenin result in minor differences in the enamel between males and females?

Answer 10

AMELX and AMELY

Question 11

structural motifs that appear in proteins and are formed by the 3D arrangement of amino acids and do not necessarily predict a biological function

Answer 11

supersecondary structure

Question 12

_____ formed by fibroblast cells from the dental follicle; cells secrete collagen which interacts with fibers on surface of adjacent bone and cementum

Answer 12

Periodontal ligament

Question 13

T/F: A single protein can have multiple motifs and domains

Answer 13

True

Question 14

T/F: Shared motifs usually do not equate to similar functions

Answer 14

False

Question 15

Provides cushion so forces of mastication doesn’t fracture bone

Answer 15

Periodontal ligament

Question 16

common in transcription factors and consists of α helices bound by a looping stretch of amino acids.

Answer 16

Helix-loop-helix

Question 17

the collective genetic information found within an organism.

Answer 17

Genome

Question 18

DNA binding motif consisting of two β strands

Answer 18

Zinc finger

Question 19

Enamel is formed by

Answer 19

ameloblasts

Question 20

_____ cementum forms first from cementoblasts arising from dental follicle

Answer 20

Acellular

Question 21

process by which enamel is formed

Answer 21

Amelogenesis

Question 22

Which forms first enamel or dentin?

Answer 22

Dentin

Question 23

Enamel is formed from 90% _____ (protein) and 10% ______ (protein)

Answer 23

amelogenin; enamelin

Question 24

the initial folding a peptide chain that creates α–helices and β-sheets

Answer 24

Protein secondary structure

Question 25

T/F: Primary and Secondary dentin form through the same process

Answer 25

False

Question 26

______ differentiate from cells in the dental papilla; secrete their organic matrix around the area that is directly adjacent to the inner enamel epithelium

Answer 26

Odontoblasts

Question 27

______ cementum forms from cementoblasts arising from adjacent area of bone

Answer 27

Cellular

Question 28

process by which dentin is formed

Answer 28

Dentinogenesis

Question 29

the 3D structure of a single polypeptide chain

Answer 29

Protein tertiary structure

Question 30

structural entities that function essentially independently within a protein and can be built from a specific motif or set of motifs

Answer 30

protein domains